Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33608244›Full record

ArticleResearch in social & administrative pharmacy : RSAP2021

Patient preferences for medication adherence financial incentive structures: A discrete choice experiment.

Natalie S Hohmann, Tessa J Hastings, Ruth N Jeminiwa, Jingjing Qian, Richard A Hansen, Surachat Ngorsuraches, Kimberly B Garza

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Research in social & administrative pharmacy : RSAP, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.0field-weighted citation impact, top 26% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Natalie S HohmannDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, Auburn University Harrison School of Pharmacy, 1202F Walker Building, Auburn, AL, USA. Electronic address: nsh0010@auburn.edu.
Tessa J HastingsDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy and Outcomes Sciences, University of South Carolina College of Pharmacy, 715 Sumter St, CLS 311E, Columbia, SC, USA. Electronic address: hastint@mailbox.sc.edu.
Ruth N JeminiwaDepartment of Pharmacy Practice, Jefferson College of Pharmacy, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. Electronic address: ruth.jeminiwa@jefferson.edu.
Jingjing QianDepartment of Health Outcomes Research and Policy, Auburn University Harrison School of Pharmacy, 4306 Walker Building, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA. Electronic address: jzq0004@auburn.edu.
Richard A HansenDepartment of Health Outcomes Research and Policy, Auburn University Harrison School of Pharmacy, 4306 Walker Building, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA. Electronic address: Rah0019@auburn.edu.
Surachat NgorsurachesDepartment of Health Outcomes Research and Policy, Auburn University Harrison School of Pharmacy, 4306 Walker Building, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA. Electronic address: szn0053@auburn.edu.
Kimberly B GarzaDepartment of Health Outcomes Research and Policy, Auburn University Harrison School of Pharmacy, 4306 Walker Building, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA. Electronic address: KBL0005@auburn.edu.
Walker (United States) · USThomas Jefferson University · USUniversity of South Carolina Sumter · US

Funding

DEEP SOUTH TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH MENTORED CAREER DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMKL2TR003097 · NCATS · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI SAAG, KENNETH G · 2019 to 2023
$5.2M
NCATS NIH HHS KL2 TR003097
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMedication adherence for chronic conditions continues to be a challenge for patients. Patient incentives for medication adherence may help. Financial incentives delivered at the point of care may act as cues for medication-taking behavior.

objectivesThe purpose of this study was to investigate patient preferences for specific structures of financial medication adherence incentives that could feasibly be delivered at the point of care.

methodsA discrete choice experiment (DCE) was performed using a national online survey. Study participants were adults who self-reported taking at least one prescription medication for one or more chronic conditions. Following an orthogonal design generated in SAS, the DCE included 32 paired-choice tasks. Data were analyzed using mixed logit models and stratified on participants' income level.

resultsIn the full cohort (n = 933), form of financial reward (such as gift-card or cash) was 1.02 times as important to participants as the probability of incentive receipt, 1.58 times as important as monetary value, and 1.93 times as important as timing of receipt. Participants were willing to give up $31.04 of an incentive's monetary value (95% CI = $27.11-$34.98) to receive the incentive 5 months sooner (1-month vs. 6-month time-lag); $60.79 (95% CI = $53.19-$68.39) for probability of receipt to increase from a 1 out of 100 chance to a 1 out of 20 chance; and $10.52 (95% CI = $6.46-$14.58) to receive an incentive in the form of a Visa® gift-card instead of grocery store voucher. These patterns of trade-offs between attributes were generally consistent among participants with lower and higher income.

conclusionsRegardless of socioeconomic status, patient preferences for financial medication adherence incentives delivered at the point of care may be most heavily influenced by incentive form and probability of receipt. This has implications for designing medication adherence programs in terms of incentive sustainability, patient engagement, plan star ratings, and patient outcomes.

Indexed as

MotivationPatient PreferenceAdultChronic DiseaseHumansMedication AdherenceBehavioral economicsDiscrete choice experimentFinancial incentiveMedication adherencePatient preference

Identifiers

PMID33608244
PMCPMC9070307
OpenAlexW3126364913

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.