ArticleBMC public health2021
Evaluating the independent influence of sexual transmission on HBV infection in China: a modeling study.
Article in BMC public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- The prevalence of hepatitis B in Chinese general population from 2018 to 2022: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Pooled it
- Pay-it-forward incentives for hepatitis virus testing in men who have sex with men: a cluster randomized trial.Nature medicine · 2023Trial
- Hepatitis B status and associated factors among participants screened for simulated HIV vaccine efficacy trials in Kenya and Uganda.PloS one · 2023Trial
- Development and application of a real-time VPCR method for ultra-fast quantitative analysis and Visual Detection of HBV-DNA.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2026Article
- National trends in acute viral hepatitis in China from 1990-2023: An analysis of the Global Burden of Disease 2023 update.Chinese medical journal · 2026Article
- Epidemiological Profile and Diagnostic Outcomes of Blood Donors Following Hepatitis B Screening at the Largest Blood Bank in the State of Pará, Brazil.Infectious disease reports · 2025Article
- Cost-Effectiveness of Universal Screen-and-Treat Strategies for Reducing Morbidity and Mortality of Chronic Hepatitis B in a High-Endemicity City.Journal of viral hepatitis · 2025Article
- Results of mother-to-child transmission in hepatitis B-positive mothers who underwent amniocentesis.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Hepatitis B prevalence and risk factors among adults living with HIV in South Africa: a clinic-based cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Simple and Feasible Detection of Hepatitis B VirusFrontiers in molecular biosciences · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe long-term impact of sexual transmission on the hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in China remains unclear. This study aims to estimate the independent influence of sexual transmission on HBV infection.
methodsBased on the natural history of HBV infection and three national serosurvey data of hepatitis B in China, we developed an age- and sex-specific discrete model to describe the transmission dynamics of HBV. The initial conditions of the model were determined according to the age- and sex-specific national serosurvey data in 1992. Based on the national survey data of hepatitis B in 1992 and 2006, by using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method, we estimated the age- and sex-specific seroclearance rates of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and the horizontal transmission rates as well as their 95% confidence intervals (CI). Then we used the age- and sex-specific national serosurvey data of hepatitis B in 2014 to test the accuracy of our model-based estimation. Finally, we evaluated the independent impact of sexual transmission on HBV infection and discussed the long-term effect of promotion of condom use in China.
resultsWe estimated that the annual rates of HBsAg seroclearance for males and females aged 1-59 years were respectively 1.04% (95% CI, 0.49-1.59%) and 1.92% (95% CI, 1.11-2.73%). Due to sexual transmission, in 2014, the total number of chronic HBV infections in people aged 0-100 years increased 292,581, of which males increased 189,200 and females increased 103,381. In 2006, the acute HBV infections due to sexual transmission accounted for 24.76% (male: 31.33%, female: 17.94%) and in 2014, which accounted for 34.59% (male: 42.93%, female: 25.73%). However, if the condom usage rate was increased by 10% annually starting in 2019, then compared with current practice, the total number of acute HBV infections from 2019 to 2035 would be reduced by 16.68% (male: 21.49%, female: 11.93%). The HBsAg prevalence in people aged 1-59 years in 2035 would be reduced to 2.01% (male: 2.40%, female: 1.58%).
conclusionsSexual transmission has become the predominant route of acute HBV infection in China, especially for men. The promotion of condom use plays a significant role in reducing the cases of acute HBV infection.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.