Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33607498›Full record

ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2021

Homelessness, HIV testing, and the reach of public health efforts for people who inject drugs, San Francisco, California.

Wilson Vincent, Jess Lin, Danielle Veloso, Desmond Miller, Willi McFarland

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Brief Report: HIV Incidence Among People Who Inject Drugs, San Francisco, 2022.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Wilson VincentDepartment of Psychology, Weiss Hall, 1701 N. 13th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, United States. Electronic address: wilson.vincent@temple.edu.
Jess LinDepartment of Psychology, Weiss Hall, 1701 N. 13th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, United States.
Danielle VelosoDepartment of Psychology, Weiss Hall, 1701 N. 13th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, United States.
Desmond MillerDepartment of Psychology, Weiss Hall, 1701 N. 13th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, United States.
Willi McFarlandDepartment of Psychology, Weiss Hall, 1701 N. 13th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, United States.

Funding

National HIV Behavioral Surveillance SystemU1BPS003247 · PS · SAN FRANCISCO DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI RAYMOND, HENRY FISHER · 2011 to 2015
$2.2M
An Intervention to Increase Retention in Care among HIV-Positive Black MenK23MH111402 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI VINCENT, WILSON · 2017 to 2020
$1.0M
National HIV Behavioral Surveillance (NHBS)- San FranciscoU62PS005077 · PS · SAN FRANCISCO DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI RAYMOND, HENRY FISHER · 2016 to 2016
$113k
NCHHSTP CDC HHS U1B PS003247NCHHSTP CDC HHS U62 PS005077NIMH NIH HHS K23 MH111402
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThere is a dearth of literature that explicitly examines associations between housing and HIV testing among people who inject drugs (PWID). Thus, the present study investigated the links between housing status and HIV testing for PWID.

methodsRespondent-driven sampling recruited 382 HIV-negative PWID, who completed structured interviews in San Francisco. Logistic regression determined whether housing statuses in the past 12 months ([1] owned/rented, [2] single-room occupancy hotels [SROs], [3] living with friends/family/partners, [4] shelters, [5] outdoors) were associated with getting HIV tested in the past 12 months while adjusting for sociodemographics and receptive sharing of injection paraphernalia in the past 12 months.

resultsPWID who lived in SROs had greater odds of being tested for HIV than PWID who did not live in SROs (aOR = 1.95, CI

conclusionsPWID who lived in SROs had greater odds of HIV testing than PWID who did not live in SROs. Although PWID who lived with others or outdoors showed greater HIV risk, they did not show greater odds of HIV testing. Public health efforts may be reaching PWID in SROs, but more work is needed to reach PWID who live with other people or outdoors.

Indexed as

HIV TestingAdultFemaleHIV InfectionsHousingHumansIll-Housed PersonsMaleMiddle AgedNeedle SharingPublic HealthRisk FactorsRisk-TakingSan FranciscoSubstance Abuse, IntravenousHarm reductionHIV testingHousingInjection drug usePeople who inject drugsSurveillance

Identifiers

PMID33607498
PMCPMC8494070

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.