ArticleCell2021
Massive expansion of human gut bacteriophage diversity.
Article in Cell, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 390 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
390 citing papers in PubMed, 614 citations in OpenAlex.
- Probiotic-induced enrichment ofGut microbes · 2025Trial
- Fecal microbiota transplantation alters gut phage communities in a clinical trial for obesity.Microbiome · 2024Trial
- Gut virome dysbiosis contributes to premature ovarian insufficiency by modulating gut bacteriome.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- Death and chemotaxis: Bacterial chemotaxis enables collective escape from phage predation.Science advances · 2026Article
- Spatial heterogeneity of viral communities across the gastrointestinal tracts of ruminants.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Defining the essential genome of diverse phages with phage Tn-seq.Nature microbiology · 2026Article
- Animal gut microbes and microbiomes in the 21st century and beyond.Science China. Life sciences · 2026Review
- Dental wastewater reveals a hidden reservoir of oral bacteriophage diversity.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Longitudinal dynamics of the maternal gut virome associate with metabolic features of preterm birth.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Enteric populations ofmSphere · 2026Article
- A genomic catalog of the mouse gut virome reveals features associated with ageing.Nature communications · 2026Article
- High-quality phage assembly from metagenomes with PALACE.Nature biotechnology · 2026Article
- Evolving strategies for virus discovery.Microbial genomics · 2026Review
- Genomic landscape of the human vaginal microbiome is linked to host genetics and population of origin.Nature genetics · 2026Article
- Predicting the evolutionary and functional landscapes of viruses with a unified nucleotide-protein language model: LucaVirus.National science review · 2026Article
- Cross-kingdom microbial associations characterize responsiveness to fecal microbiota transplantation in patients with irritable bowel syndrome.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Diversity Patterns of Domestic Herbivore Viruses in China Reveal Transmission Dynamics with Disease Management Implications.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Insights from healthy mares reveal that mammalian uteri harbor a diverse virome.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The Unified Human Virome Database: A toolkit for expanded human virome analysis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The effects of bacteriophage cocktail treatment on healthy gut microbiota: anMicrobial genomics · 2026Article
330 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Bacteriophages drive evolutionary change in bacterial communities by creating gene flow networks that fuel ecological adaptions. However, the extent of viral diversity and its prevalence in the human gut remains largely unknown. Here, we introduce the Gut Phage Database, a collection of ∼142,000 non-redundant viral genomes (>10 kb) obtained by mining a dataset of 28,060 globally distributed human gut metagenomes and 2,898 reference genomes of cultured gut bacteria. Host assignment revealed that viral diversity is highest in the Firmicutes phyla and that ∼36% of viral clusters (VCs) are not restricted to a single species, creating gene flow networks across phylogenetically distinct bacterial species. Epidemiological analysis uncovered 280 globally distributed VCs found in at least 5 continents and a highly prevalent phage clade with features reminiscent of p-crAssphage. This high-quality, large-scale catalog of phage genomes will improve future virome studies and enable ecological and evolutionary analysis of human gut bacteriophages.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.