ArticleCancer medicine2021
Diagnostic value of sialyl-Tn immunocytochemistry in breast cancer presenting with pathological nipple discharge.
Article in Cancer medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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5 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Novel insights into immunohistochemical analysis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: ST6 N-acetylgalactosaminide alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase 1 (ST6GalNAc1) as a new marker for large duct type.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2026Article
- Nipple aspirate fluid as a proximal breast liquid biopsy platform: advancing precision risk management in breast cancer.Clinical proteomics · 2026Review
- Building simplified cancer subtyping and prediction models with glycan gene signatures.Cell reports methods · 2025Article
- Review
- Deep learning for real-time detection of breast cancer presenting pathological nipple discharge by ductoscopy.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMucin-associated sialyl-Tn (sTn) antigen is overexpressed and related with adverse outcome in breast cancer (BC). The role of sTn in BC has not been well defined in pathological nipple discharge (PND) cytology. The authors examined sTn immunocytochemistry (ICC) in PND to determine whether it could be a biomarker of malignancy or aggressive disease.
methodsPND was subjected to immunocytochemical staining for sTn antigen expression and thinprep cytology test (TCT) for enhancing the sensitivity and specificity. The examination data was compared with histological findings of subsequent biopsy specimens. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine which factors were most associated with malignant breast lesions.
resultsPND specimens were collected including 120 cases of intraductal papilloma, 24 cases of hyperplasia, 45 cases of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), and 48 cases of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). STn ICC differentiated BC from benign intraductal lesions with a low sensitivity of 41.9% and a high specificity of 95.8%, but increased in combination with TCT to 64.5% and 100%, respectively. A high degree of concordance was observed between the results of sTn expression in cell smears and histological specimens. Moreover, the sTn expression was strongly associated with HER2-positive IDC (p = 0.039). Multivariate logistic analysis showed that positive sTn expression (OR: 14.241, 95%CI: 2.574, 78.794, p = 0.010) and accompanying mass (OR: 3.307, 95%CI: 1.073, 10.188, p = 0.037) were statistically significant independent risk factors for malignant PND.
conclusionsMucin-associated sTn expression in PND cytology appears to be a reliable diagnostic marker for BC patients with the chief complaint of malignant nipple discharge and indicates a more aggressive behavior in IDC.
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