Observational studyAllergy2021
β-blockers and ACE inhibitors are not a risk factor for severe systemic sting reactions and adverse events during venom immunotherapy.
Observational study in Allergy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04269629 (The Effect of Antihypertensive Drugs on Severity of Anaphylaxis and Side-effects During Venom Immunotherapy), which is not on this map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Effect of Antihypertensive Drugs on Severity of Anaphylaxis and Side-effects During Venom Immunotherapy
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Species-specific outcomes in wasp sting challenges during venom immunotherapy and their respective follow-up.Allergologie select · 2026Article
- Impact of Naturally Composed and Size-Excluded Hymenoptera Venom Preparations on the Safety and Efficacy of Venom Immunotherapy: A Monocentric Experience.International archives of allergy and immunology · 2026Article
- Systemic Allergic Reactions to Subcutaneous Allergen Immunotherapy-A Single-Center Experience.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Natural History and Risk Factors of Hymenoptera Venom Allergy in Dogs.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Patient-related factors impact the implementation of inpatient antibiotic allergy delabeling.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. Global · 2024Article
- Risk Factors Associated with Severe Systemic Allergic Reaction after Wasp Sting in Subjects with a History of European Hornet Sting Allergy.Zdravstveno varstvo · 2024Article
- Safety and Efficacy of VIT against Wasp Venom in Ultra-Rush Protocols in Patients Older Than 60 Years.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Article
- Anaphylaxis in elderly people.Current opinion in allergy and clinical immunology · 2022Review
- Venom immunotherapy: safety and tolerability of the build-up phase with depot versus aqueous preparations.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2022Article
- Article
- [Allergen immunotherapy: FAQs and facts].Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, und verwandte Gebiete · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
39 authors at 20 institutions in 9 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThere is controversy whether taking β-blockers or ACE inhibitors (ACEI) is a risk factor for more severe systemic insect sting reactions (SSR) and whether it increases the number or severity of adverse events (AE) during venom immunotherapy (VIT).
methodsIn this open, prospective, observational, multicenter trial, we recruited patients with a history of a SSR and indication for VIT. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate whether patients taking β-blockers or ACEI show more systemic AE during VIT compared to patients without such treatment.
resultsIn total, 1,425 patients were enrolled and VIT was performed in 1,342 patients. Of all patients included, 388 (27.2%) took antihypertensive (AHT) drugs (10.4% took β-blockers, 11.9% ACEI, 5.0% β-blockers and ACEI). Only 5.6% of patients under AHT treatment experienced systemic AE during VIT as compared with 7.4% of patients without these drugs (OR: 0.74, 95% CI: 0.43-1.22, p = 0.25). The severity of the initial sting reaction was not affected by the intake of β-blockers or ACEI (OR: 1.14, 95% CI: 0.89-1.46, p = 0.29). In total, 210 (17.7%) patients were re-stung during VIT and 191 (91.0%) tolerated the sting without systemic symptoms. Of the 19 patients with VIT treatment failure, 4 took β-blockers, none an ACEI.
conclusionsThis trial provides robust evidence that taking β-blockers or ACEI does neither increase the frequency of systemic AE during VIT nor aggravate SSR. Moreover, results suggest that these drugs do not impair effectiveness of VIT. (Funded by Medical University of Graz, Austria; Clinicaltrials.gov number, NCT04269629).
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.