Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33604485›Full record

ArticleContemporary clinical trials communications2021

A randomized controlled trial of yoga vs nonaerobic exercise for veterans with PTSD: Understanding efficacy, mechanisms of change, and mode of delivery.

Ariel J Lang, Anne Malaktaris, Katrina S Maluf, Julie Kangas, Selin Sindel, Matthew Herbert, Jessica Bomyea, Alan N Simmons, Judy Weaver, Deborah Velez and 1 more

Registry-linked trialOpen access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Contemporary clinical trials communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03509909 (Mechanisms of Change in Yoga and Physical Activity for Veterans), which is not on this map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.4field-weighted citation impact, top 34% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03509909 nacompletednot on this map

Mechanisms of Change in Yoga and Physical Activity for Veterans

TypeinterventionalSponsorVA Office of Research and DevelopmentRan2019 to 2023Enrolled117ConditionsPTSDArmsHatha yoga, Supportive physical activity
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 5 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. A pilot study of trauma-sensitive yoga and Breathe2Relax among service members in an intensive outpatient program.Military psychology : the official journal of the Division of Military Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Ariel J LangVA San Diego Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, UCSD Departments of Psychiatry and Family Medicine and Public Health, 3350 La Jolla Village Dr. (MC 111N1), San Diego, CA, 92161, USA.
Anne MalaktarisVA San Diego Healthcare System/Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, UCSD Department of Psychiatry, 3350 La Jolla Village Dr., San Diego, CA, 92161, USA.
Katrina S MalufSan Diego State University, School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, Doctor of Physical Therapy Program, 5500 Campanile Dr., San Diego, CA, 92182, USA.
Julie KangasVA San Diego Healthcare System, UCSD Department of Psychiatry, 8810 Rio San Diego Dr., San Diego, CA, 92108, USA.
Selin SindelUniversity of California San Diego, Department of Cognitive Science, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
Matthew HerbertVA San Diego Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, UCSD Department of Psychiatry, 9500 Gilman Dr. MC 0855, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
Jessica BomyeaVA San Diego Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, UCSD Department of Psychiatry, 9500 Gilman Dr. MC 0855, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
Alan N SimmonsVA San Diego Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health, UCSD Department of Psychiatry, 9500 Gilman Dr. MC 0855, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
Judy WeaverConnected Warriors, 4950 Communication Ave, Ste 115, Boca Raton, FL, 33431, USA.
Deborah VelezVeteran's Medical Research Foundation, 3350 La Jolla Village Dr, San Diego, CA, 92037, USA.
Lin LiuVA San Diego Healthcare System, UCSD Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, 9500 Gilman Dr., MC0725, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0725, USA.
VA San Diego Healthcare System · USSan Diego State University · USUniversity of California San Diego · USVeterans Medical Research Foundation of San Diego · US

Funding

Mechanisms of Change in Yoga and Physical Activity for VeteransI01CX001647 · VA · VA SAN DIEGO HEALTHCARE SYSTEM · PI LANG, ARIEL J · 2018 to 2023
–
CSRD VA I01 CX001647
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectivesPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a chronic, disabling, and prevalent mental health disorder among Veterans. Despite the availability of empirically supported psychotherapies, many Veterans remain symptomatic after treatment and/or prefer to seek complementary and integrative health approaches, including yoga, to manage PTSD. The randomized controlled trial (RCT) described herein will evaluate the efficacy of a manualized yoga program as compared to nonaerobic exercise in reducing PTSD severity among Veterans. A secondary aim of this study is to better understand the mechanisms of change.

methodsVeterans ( PROJECTED OUTCOMES: This study will evaluate changes in PTSD severity (primary outcome) as well as depression, anxiety, anger, sleep problems, and psychosocial disability (secondary outcomes). We will also use multiple mediation to examine two potential models of the mechanisms of clinical effect: the Attention Model (i.e., yoga increases attentional control, which reduces PTSD symptoms), the Coping Model (i.e., yoga increases distress tolerance, which improves coping, which reduces PTSD symptoms), and the combination of these models. This aspect of the study is innovative and important given the absence of an existing, comprehensive model for understanding yoga's impact on PTSD. Ultimately, we hope to develop guidelines for application of yoga to PTSD recovery.

Indexed as

Complementary and alternative medicinePosttraumatic stress disorderRandomized controlled trialYoga

Identifiers

PMID33604485
PMCPMC7875811
OpenAlexW3121786533

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.