Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33603751›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2020

Warburg Effect Is a Cancer Immune Evasion Mechanism Against Macrophage Immunosurveillance.

Jing Chen, Xu Cao, Bolei Li, Zhangchen Zhao, Siqi Chen, Seigmund W T Lai, Sabina A Muend, Gianna K Nossa, Lei Wang, Weihua Guo and 3 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
40citing papers in PubMed
2.9field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

40 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Recent progress in small molecules targeting the acidic tumor microenvironment.Journal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry · 2026
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  11. The Warburg Effect and Aerobic Glycolysis in Tumors.Cancer treatment and research · 2026
    Review
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  15. Lactylation and human disease.Expert reviews in molecular medicine · 2025
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Jing ChenDepartment of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States.
Xu CaoDepartment of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States.
Bolei LiDepartment of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States.
Zhangchen ZhaoDepartment of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
Siqi ChenDepartment of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States.
Seigmund W T LaiDepartment of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States.
Sabina A MuendDepartment of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States.
Gianna K NossaDepartment of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States.
Lei WangDepartment of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States.
Weihua GuoDepartment of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States.
Jian YeDepartment of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States.
Peter P LeeDepartment of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States.
Mingye FengDepartment of Immuno-Oncology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States.
Beckman Research InstituteCity of Hope · USUniversity of Michigan–Ann Arbor · US

Funding

Transgenic Mouse FacilityP30CA033572 · NCI · CITY OF HOPE/BECKMAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI STANLEY R. HAMILTON · 1985 to 2026
$86.3M
MACROPHAGE-MEDIATED IMMUNOSURVEILLANCE IN CANCERR00CA201075 · NCI · BECKMAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE/CITY OF HOPE · PI FENG, MINGYE · 2017 to 2019
$747k
Macrophage-mediated Immunosurveillance in CancerK99CA201075 · NCI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI FENG, MINGYE · 2015 to 2016
$347k
NCI NIH HHS K99 CA201075NCI NIH HHS P30 CA033572NCI NIH HHS R00 CA201075
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Evasion of immunosurveillance is critical for cancer initiation and development. The expression of "don't eat me" signals protects cancer cells from being phagocytosed by macrophages, and the blockade of such signals demonstrates therapeutic potential by restoring the susceptibility of cancer cells to macrophage-mediated phagocytosis. However, whether additional self-protective mechanisms play a role against macrophage surveillance remains unexplored. Here, we derived a macrophage-resistant cancer model from cells deficient in the expression of CD47, a major "don't eat me" signal,

Indexed as

Immunologic SurveillanceTumor EscapeWarburg Effect, OncologicAnimalsCell Line, TumorHumansMacrophagesMiceMice, Inbred BALB CMice, Inbred NODMice, KnockoutNeoplasms, ExperimentalimmunotherapymacrophagemicroenvironmentphagocytosisV-ATPase

Identifiers

PMID33603751
PMCPMC7884830
OpenAlexW3127100867

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.