SynthesisInternational journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
The Impact of Muscarinic Receptor Antagonists on Airway Inflammation: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Stem Cell-Based Regenerative Therapy and Derived Products in COPD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Cells · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Effects of premedication with atropine, penehyclidine, and glycopyrrolate on postoperative delirium in older patients undergoing endoscopic gastric or esophageal submucosal dissection: a randomized, double-blind, multicenter, controlled clinical trial.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Trial
- Article
- Predictors of asthma exacerbation between high and low blood eosinophil counts.ERJ open research · 2025Article
- Genomic crosstalk between carbachol, a muscarinic receptor agonist, and the long-acting βThe Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2025Article
- Patient response and remission in respiratory disease: Special focus on severe asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.The Journal of international medical research · 2025Review
- What every clinician should know about inflammation in COPD.ERJ open research · 2024Review
- Article
- The effect of combining an inhaled corticosteroid and a long-acting muscarinic antagonist on human airway epithelial cells in vitro.Respiratory research · 2024Article
- Article
- Multi-omic assessment shows dysregulation of pulmonary and systemic immunity to e-cigarette exposure.Respiratory research · 2023Article
- Effects of 4-DAMP on allergic rhinitis in guinea pigs and its potential mechanism.Annals of translational medicine · 2022Article
- Muscarinic receptor antagonists and airway inflammation: A systematic review on pharmacological models.Heliyon · 2022Review
- Effect of Herbal Medicine Formulation (Compound Honey Syrup) on Quality of Life in Patients With COPD: A Randomized Clinical Trial.Tanaffos · 2022Article
- Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Distribution of Nasal Spray of a Novel Muscarinic Receptor Blocker, 101BHG-D01, in Dogs and Rats.Current drug metabolism · 2022Article
- Pharmacokinetics, metabolite profiling, safety, and tolerability of inhalation aerosol of 101BHG-D01, a novel, long-acting and selective muscarinic receptor antagonist, in healthy Chinese subjects.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Epidemiology, Biomarkers, and Paving the Way to Lung Cancer.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Long-acting muscarinic receptor antagonists (LAMAs) are the cornerstone for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); furthermore, tiotropium is approved as add-on therapy in severe asthmatic patients. Accumulating evidence suggests that LAMAs may modulate airway contractility and airway hyperresponsiveness not only by blocking muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAchRs) expressed on airway smooth muscle but also via anti-inflammatory mechanisms by blocking mAchRs expressed on inflammatory cells, submucosal glands, and epithelial cells. The aim of this systematic review, performed according to the PRISMA-P guidelines, was to provide a synthesis of the literature on the anti-inflammatory impact of muscarinic receptor antagonists in the airways. Most of the current evidence originates from studies on tiotropium, that demonstrated a reduction in synthesis and release of cytokines and chemokines, as well as the number of total and differential inflammatory cells, induced by different pro-inflammatory stimuli. Conversely, few data are currently available for aclidinium and glycopyrronium, whereas no studies on the potential anti-inflammatory effect of umeclidinium have been reported. Overall, a large body of evidence supports the beneficial impact of tiotropium against airway inflammation. Further well-designed randomized controlled trials are needed to better elucidate the anti-inflammatory mechanisms leading to the protective effect of LAMAs against exacerbations via identifying suitable biomarkers.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.