Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33603147›Full record

ArticleThe ISME journal2021

Lifestyle of sponge symbiont phages by host prediction and correlative microscopy.

M T Jahn, T Lachnit, S M Markert, C Stigloher, L Pita, M Ribes, B E Dutilh, U Hentschel

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The ISME journal, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed
4.5field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 42 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

M T JahnGEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany. martin.jahn@zoo.ox.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8322-9334
T LachnitChristian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2880-5930
S M MarkertImaging Core Facility, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
C StigloherImaging Core Facility, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6941-2669
L PitaGEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0163-1587
M RibesInstitut de Ciències del Mar (ICM-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.
B E DutilhTheoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2329-7890
U HentschelGEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0596-790X
Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel · DEGEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel · DEUniversity of Würzburg · DEInstitut Català de Ciències del Clima · ESUtrecht University · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Bacteriophages (phages) are ubiquitous elements in nature, but their ecology and role in animals remains little understood. Sponges represent the oldest known extant animal-microbe symbiosis and are associated with dense and diverse microbial consortia. Here we investigate the tripartite interaction between phages, bacterial symbionts, and the sponge host. We combined imaging and bioinformatics to tackle important questions on who the phage hosts are and what the replication mode and spatial distribution within the animal is. This approach led to the discovery of distinct phage-microbe infection networks in sponge versus seawater microbiomes. A new correlative in situ imaging approach ('PhageFISH-CLEM') localised phages within bacterial symbiont cells, but also within phagocytotically active sponge cells. We postulate that the phagocytosis of free virions by sponge cells modulates phage-bacteria ratios and ultimately controls infection dynamics. Prediction of phage replication strategies indicated a distinct pattern, where lysogeny dominates the sponge microbiome, likely fostered by sponge host-mediated virion clearance, while lysis dominates in seawater. Collectively, this work provides new insights into phage ecology within sponges, highlighting the importance of tripartite animal-phage-bacterium interplay in holobiont functioning. We anticipate that our imaging approach will be instrumental to further understanding of viral distribution and cellular association in animal hosts.

Indexed as

BacteriophagesMicrobiotaPoriferaAnimalsLife StyleMicroscopySymbiosis

Identifiers

PMID33603147
PMCPMC8245591
OpenAlexW3130287439

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.