ArticleCommunications biology2021
Temporal association between human upper respiratory and gut bacterial microbiomes during the course of COVID-19 in adults.
Article in Communications biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 85 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
85 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Association Between Gut Microbiota and Pneumonia Risk: A Systematic Review and Mendelian Randomization.International journal of medical sciences · 2025Pooled it
- COVID-19 alters human microbiomes: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Pooled it
- Effect of bovine respiratory disease on the respiratory microbiome: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Pooled it
- Meta-analysis of 16S rRNA microbial data identified alterations of the gut microbiota in COVID-19 patients during the acute and recovery phases.BMC microbiology · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Nasal microbiome and the effect of nasal decolonization with a novel povidone-iodine antiseptic solution: a prospective and randomized clinical trial.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- Article
- Gut microbial allies and adversaries in SARS-CoV-2 infection.Current research in microbial sciences · 2026Article
- Machine learning-based classification of COVID-19 severity using respiratory microbiome profiles from shotgun metagenomic sequencing.Frontiers in bioinformatics · 2026Article
- Altered microbiota of the lower respiratory tract and its association with COVID-19 severity analysed by metagenomics and metatranscriptomics.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Impact of SARS-CoV-2 P.1 Variant Infection on the Nasopharyngeal Commensal Bacterial Microbiome of Individuals from the Brazilian Amazon.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Impact of Vitamins, Antibiotics, Probiotics, and History of COVID-19 on the Gut Microbiome in Ulcerative Colitis Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Respiratory diseases and the gut microbiota: an updated review.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Human microbiome in post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PACS).Current research in microbial sciences · 2025Article
- Gut microbiota composition in recurrent acute otitis media: a cross-sectional observational study.Folia microbiologica · 2024Observational
- The Intestine in Acute and Long COVID: Pathophysiological Insights and Key Lessons.The Yale journal of biology and medicine · 2024Review
- Article
- Localized delivery of therapeutics impact laryngeal mechanics, local inflammatory response, and respiratory microbiome following upper airway intubation injury in swine.Respiratory research · 2024Article
- The Link between Inflammation, Lipid Derivatives, and Microbiota Metabolites in COVID-19 Patients: Implications on Eating Behaviors and Nutritional Status.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 is the cause of COVID-19. It infects multiple organs including the respiratory tract and gut. Dynamic changes of regional microbiomes in infected adults are largely unknown. Here, we performed longitudinal analyses of throat and anal swabs from 35 COVID-19 and 19 healthy adult controls, as well as 10 non-COVID-19 patients with other diseases, by 16 S rRNA gene sequencing. The results showed a partitioning of the patients into 3-4 categories based on microbial community types (I-IV) in both sites. The bacterial diversity was lower in COVID-19 patients than healthy controls and decreased gradually from community type I to III/IV. Although the dynamic change of microbiome was complex during COVID-19, a synchronous restoration of both the upper respiratory and gut microbiomes from early dysbiosis towards late more diverse status was observed in 6/8 mild COVID-19 adult patients. These findings reveal previously unknown interactions between upper respiratory and gut microbiomes during COVID-19.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.