ArticleNature communications2021
Gastrointestinal microbiota composition predicts peripheral inflammatory state during treatment of human tuberculosis.
Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- STROBE-causal machine learning for the human microbiome: systematic review on methodological innovations and validation frameworks.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Pooled it
- Beyond just correlation: causal machine learning for the microbiome, from prediction to health policy with econometric tools.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- Beyond bacilli: integrating the microbiome into the TB research agenda.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Bacterial topography of the respiratory tract, including pulmonary site-of-disease, in people with active tuberculosis: a case-control study.Research square · 2026Article
- Role and Mechanisms of Gut Microbiota in Infectious Diseases: Recent Evidence from Animal Models.Biology · 2026Review
- From microbiome to outcome: the cascading effects of combining acid suppressants with anti-tuberculosis therapy.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Helminth Infection, Gut Microbiome Alterations, and Their Impact on Pulmonary Tuberculosis Susceptibility.Journal of tropical medicine · 2026Review
- Harnessing the gut microbiome to combat tuberculosis: a technological and clinical review.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Metagenomics and metabolomics to evaluate the potential role of gut microbiota and blood metabolites in patients with cerebral infarction.BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- Gut microbiota and tuberculosis.iMeta · 2025Review
- Changes in gut microbiome following anti-tuberculosis treatment: a prospective cohort from eastern China.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Observational
- PROLONG: penalized regression for outcome guided longitudinal omics analysis with network and group constraints.Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Biombalance™, an Oligomeric Procyanidins-Enriched Grape Seed Extract, Prevents Inflammation and Microbiota Dysbiosis in a Mice Colitis Model.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Succinate-producing microbiota drives tuft cell hyperplasia to protect against Clostridioides difficile.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2025Article
- Where lung cancer and tuberculosis intersect: recent advances.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- SPARTA: Interpretable functional classification of microbiomes and detection of hidden cumulative effects.PLoS computational biology · 2024Article
- Subtracting the background by reducing cell-free DNA's confounding effects on Mycobacterium tuberculosis quantitation and the sputum microbiome.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Blood and sputum microbiota composition in Afghan immigrants and Iranian subjects with pulmonary tuberculosis.Iranian journal of microbiology · 2024Article
- Microbiota encoded fatty-acid metabolism expands tuft cells to protect tissues homeostasis duringbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Commensal antimicrobial resistance mediates microbiome resilience to antibiotic disruption.Science translational medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The composition of the gastrointestinal microbiota influences systemic immune responses, but how this affects infectious disease pathogenesis and antibiotic therapy outcome is poorly understood. This question is rarely examined in humans due to the difficulty in dissociating the immunologic effects of antibiotic-induced pathogen clearance and microbiome alteration. Here, we analyze data from two longitudinal studies of tuberculosis (TB) therapy (35 and 20 individuals) and a cross sectional study from 55 healthy controls, in which we collected fecal samples (for microbiome analysis), sputum (for determination of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) bacterial load), and peripheral blood (for transcriptomic analysis). We decouple microbiome effects from pathogen sterilization by comparing standard TB therapy with an experimental TB treatment that did not reduce Mtb bacterial load. Random forest regression to the microbiome-transcriptome-sputum data from the two longitudinal datasets reveals that renormalization of the TB inflammatory state is associated with Mtb pathogen clearance, increased abundance of Clusters IV and XIVa Clostridia, and decreased abundance of Bacilli and Proteobacteria. We find similar associations when applying machine learning to peripheral gene expression and microbiota profiling in the independent cohort of healthy individuals. Our findings indicate that antibiotic-induced reduction in pathogen burden and changes in the microbiome are independently associated with treatment-induced changes of the inflammatory response of active TB, and the response to antibiotic therapy may be a combined effect of pathogen killing and microbiome driven immunomodulation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.