Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33602827›Full record

ArticleScience (New York, N.Y.)2021

Recurrent evolution of vertebrate transcription factors by transposase capture.

Rachel L Cosby, Julius Judd, Ruiling Zhang, Alan Zhong, Nathaniel Garry, Ellen J Pritham, Cédric Feschotte

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Science (New York, N.Y.), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 99 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
99citing papers in PubMed
28.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

99 citing papers in PubMed, 164 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Evolutionary innovation through fusion of sequences from across the tree of life.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. The molecular evolution of vertebrate organs.Nature ecology & evolution · 2026
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Polymorphic 3D genome architecture mediated by transposable elements.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Review

39 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Rachel L CosbyDepartment of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2696-5575
Julius JuddDepartment of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4602-0205
Ruiling Zhang *Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8523-1796
Alan Zhong *Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA.
Nathaniel GarryDepartment of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1319-8207
Ellen J PrithamDepartment of Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
Cédric FeschotteDepartment of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA. cf458@cornell.edu.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8772-6976
Cornell University · USUniversity of Utah · US

Funding

Genomic and Physiological Impact of Transposable Elements.R35GM122550 · NIGMS · CORNELL UNIVERSITY · PI Cedric Feschotte · 2017 to 2026
$4.4M
Interrogating Enhancer Function and Cooperation by Systematic Perturbation of Transposable ElementsF31HG010820 · NHGRI · CORNELL UNIVERSITY · PI JUDD, JULIUS A. · 2019 to 2021
$107k
NHGRI NIH HHS F31 HG010820NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM122550
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Genes with novel cellular functions may evolve through exon shuffling, which can assemble novel protein architectures. Here, we show that DNA transposons provide a recurrent supply of materials to assemble protein-coding genes through exon shuffling. We find that transposase domains have been captured-primarily via alternative splicing-to form fusion proteins at least 94 times independently over the course of ~350 million years of tetrapod evolution. We find an excess of transposase DNA binding domains fused to host regulatory domains, especially the Krüppel-associated box (KRAB) domain, and identify four independently evolved KRAB-transposase fusion proteins repressing gene expression in a sequence-specific fashion. The bat-specific KRABINER fusion protein binds its cognate transposons genome-wide and controls a network of genes and cis-regulatory elements. These results illustrate how a transcription factor and its binding sites can emerge.

Indexed as

DNA Transposable ElementsEvolution, MolecularGene Expression RegulationAlternative SplicingAnimalsBinding SitesChiropteraGene Regulatory NetworksProtein DomainsRegulatory Elements, TranscriptionalTranscription FactorsTransposasesVertebratesDNA Transposable ElementsTranscription FactorsTransposases

Identifiers

PMID33602827
PMCPMC8186458
OpenAlexW3130261739

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.