Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33602813›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2021

Ferromagnetic liquid droplets with adjustable magnetic properties.

Xuefei Wu, Robert Streubel, Xubo Liu, Paul Y Kim, Yu Chai, Qin Hu, Dong Wang, Peter Fischer, Thomas P Russell

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Controlled assembly and sophisticated additive manufacturing of macroscopic droplets.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Adjustable object floating states based on three-segment three-phase contact line evolution.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Xuefei WuBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.ORCID 0000-0001-9435-4384
Robert StreubelMaterials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720; streubel@unl.edu dwang@mail.buct.edu.cn tom.p.russell@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0003-4783-892X
Xubo LiuBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.ORCID 0000-0002-2231-0208
Paul Y KimMaterials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720.
Yu ChaiMaterials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720.ORCID 0000-0001-6085-4321
Qin HuMaterials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720.
Dong WangBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; streubel@unl.edu dwang@mail.buct.edu.cn tom.p.russell@gmail.com.
Peter FischerMaterials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720.
Thomas P RussellBeijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China; streubel@unl.edu dwang@mail.buct.edu.cn tom.p.russell@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0001-6384-5826

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The assembly and jamming of magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) at liquid-liquid interfaces is a versatile platform to endow structured liquid droplets with a magnetization, i.e., producing ferromagnetic liquid droplets (FMLDs). Here, we use hydrodynamics experiments to probe how the magnetization of FMLDs and their response to external stimuli can be tuned by chemical, structural, and magnetic means. The remanent magnetization stems from magnetic NPs jammed at the liquid-liquid interface and dispersed NPs magneto-statically coupled to the interface. FMLDs form even at low concentrations of magnetic NPs when mixing nonmagnetic and magnetic NPs, since the underlying magnetic dipole-driven clustering of magnetic NP-surfactants at the interface produces local magnetic properties, similar to those found with pure magnetic NP solutions. While the net magnetization is smaller, such a clustering of NPs may enable structured liquids with heterogeneous surfaces.

Indexed as

3D nanomagnetismferromagnetic liquid dropletliquid–liquid interfacemagnetic nanoparticle-surfactantsself-assembly

Identifiers

PMID33602813
PMCPMC7923629

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.