ArticlePediatrics2021
Socioeconomic and Racial and/or Ethnic Disparities in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome.
Article in Pediatrics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Association of race, ethnicity, and pediatric long COVID and MIS-C: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Glucocorticoids and immunoglobulin alone or in combination in the treatment of multisystemic inflammatory syndrome in children: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Pooled it
- Clinical presentation, diagnosis and management of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C): a systematic review.BMJ paediatrics open · 2024Pooled it
- Screening of autoinflammatory genes in patients with SARS-CoV-2-associated MIS-C.Human genomics · 2026Article
- MIS-C: Diagnosis, Management, and Outcomes.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Review
- Association Between Socioeconomic Status and Mortality Risk in CKM Stage 0-3 Patients: Analysis of Inflammatory Mediation.Cardiology research and practice · 2026Article
- Social Determinants of Health Patterns in Children with Severe Disease Due to SARS-CoV-2 Infection-An Exploratory Approach.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- New avenues in childhood vasculitis.Pediatric rheumatology online journal · 2025Review
- Non-Linkage to Care and Non-Viral Suppression among Hispanic/Latino Persons by Birthplace and Social Vulnerability-United States, 2021.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- The role of individual and regional environment factors on levels of a cardiovascular risk predictor in middle-aged and older Chinese adults.Journal of global health · 2025Article
- An Update on Multi-System Inflammatory Syndrome in Children.Current rheumatology reports · 2025Review
- Impact of social determinants of health on the outcomes of Latin American children with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS-C).Pediatric pulmonology · 2025Article
- An opportunity missed: Strengthening health system data on multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children from low- and middle-income countries in Asia.Public health in practice (Oxford, England) · 2024Article
- A Comparison of Kawasaki Disease during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The complex landscape of immune dysregulation in multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children with COVID-19.Life medicine · 2024Review
- Childhood Opportunity and Acute Interstage Outcomes: A National Pediatric Cardiology Quality Improvement Collaborative Analysis.Circulation · 2024Article
- Clinical Predictors of Subacute Myocardial Dysfunction in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) Associated with COVID-19.Pediatric cardiology · 2024Article
- Sociodemographic Factors are Associated with Care Delivery and Outcomes in Pediatric Severe Sepsis.Critical care explorations · 2024Article
- Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults hospitalizations in the United States; evaluating patient characteristics, COVID-19 associations, and mortality.Archives of medical sciences. Atherosclerotic diseases · 2024Article
- Vaccine Mandates and Influenza Vaccination During the Pandemic.Pediatrics · 2023Article
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Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo characterize the socioeconomic and racial and/or ethnic disparities impacting the diagnosis and outcomes of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C).
methodsThis multicenter retrospective case-control study was conducted at 3 academic centers from January 1 to September 1, 2020. Children with MIS-C were compared with 5 control groups: children with coronavirus disease 2019, children evaluated for MIS-C who did not meet case patient criteria, children hospitalized with febrile illness, children with Kawasaki disease, and children in Massachusetts based on US census data. Neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) and social vulnerability index (SVI) were measured via a census-based scoring system. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine associations between SES, SVI, race and ethnicity, and MIS-C diagnosis and clinical severity as outcomes.
resultsAmong 43 patients with MIS-C, 19 (44%) were Hispanic, 11 (26%) were Black, and 12 (28%) were white; 22 (51%) were in the lowest quartile SES, and 23 (53%) were in the highest quartile SVI. SES and SVI were similar between patients with MIS-C and coronavirus disease 2019. In multivariable analysis, lowest SES quartile (odds ratio 2.2 [95% confidence interval 1.1-4.4]), highest SVI quartile (odds ratio 2.8 [95% confidence interval 1.5-5.1]), and racial and/or ethnic minority background were associated with MIS-C diagnosis. Neither SES, SVI, race, nor ethnicity were associated with disease severity.
conclusionsLower SES or higher SVI, Hispanic ethnicity, and Black race independently increased risk for MIS-C. Additional studies are required to target interventions to improve health equity for children.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.