Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33602161›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2021

Socioeconomic indicators and economic investments influence oral cancer mortality in Latin America.

Aldelany Ramalho Freire, Deborah Ellen Wanderley Gomes Freire, Elza Cristina Farias de Araújo, Fernanda Campos de Almeida Carrer, Gilberto Alfredo PuccaJúnior, Simone Alves de Sousa, Edson Hilan Gomes de Lucena, Yuri Wanderley Cavalcanti

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. MPOWER Tobacco Control Policies' Effects on Lip and Oral Cavity Cancer Trends in MERCOSUR Countries.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Bolsa Família Program and deaths from oral cancer in Brazil: an ecological study.Revista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health · 2022
    Article
  12. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Aldelany Ramalho FreireClinicaland Social DentistryDepartment, DCOS/CCS/UFPB, Federal University of Paraíba, Cidade Universitária, Campus I, João Pessoa, PB, 58051-900, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0002-8082-5883
Deborah Ellen Wanderley Gomes FreireClinicaland Social DentistryDepartment, DCOS/CCS/UFPB, Federal University of Paraíba, Cidade Universitária, Campus I, João Pessoa, PB, 58051-900, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0001-7680-0387
Elza Cristina Farias de AraújoClinicaland Social DentistryDepartment, DCOS/CCS/UFPB, Federal University of Paraíba, Cidade Universitária, Campus I, João Pessoa, PB, 58051-900, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0002-8303-8914
Fernanda Campos de Almeida CarrerSocial Dentistry Department, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes - FOUSP, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0003-3745-2759
Gilberto Alfredo PuccaJúniorDepartment of Dentistry, UnB, Brasilia University, Brasília, DF, 70297-400, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0002-8781-9857
Simone Alves de SousaClinicaland Social DentistryDepartment, DCOS/CCS/UFPB, Federal University of Paraíba, Cidade Universitária, Campus I, João Pessoa, PB, 58051-900, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0002-3254-9036
Edson Hilan Gomes de LucenaClinicaland Social DentistryDepartment, DCOS/CCS/UFPB, Federal University of Paraíba, Cidade Universitária, Campus I, João Pessoa, PB, 58051-900, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0003-3431-115X
Yuri Wanderley CavalcantiClinicaland Social DentistryDepartment, DCOS/CCS/UFPB, Federal University of Paraíba, Cidade Universitária, Campus I, João Pessoa, PB, 58051-900, Brazil. yuri@ccs.ufpb.br.ORCID 0000-0002-3570-9904

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIt is necessary to recognize the influence of socioeconomic factors on oral cancer indicators in Latin American countries. This study aimed to analyze the influence of socioeconomic indicators and economical investments on oral cancer mortality rates in Latin American countries.

methodsThis cross-sectional study considered the age-standardized mortality rate (ASR) of oral cancer within the period 2000-2015. The oral cancer mortality rate (for both sexes and age groups 40-59 and 60 years old or more), socioeconomic aspects (Gini Inequality Index, unemployment rate and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita) and investments in different sectors (%GDP invested in health per capita and by the government, %GDP invested in education by the government and %GDP invested in research and development) were considered. Tweedie multivariate regression was used to estimate the effect of independent variables on the mortality rate of oral cancer, considering p < 0.05.

resultsThis study showed that being male and aged 60 or over (PR = 14.7) was associated with higher mortality rate for oral cancer. In addition, greater inequality (PR = 1.05), higher health expenditure per capita (PR =1.09) and greater investment in research and development (PR = 1.81) were associated with a higher mortality rate from oral cancer.

conclusionSocioeconomic factors and economical investments influence the mortality rate of oral cancer in Latin American countries. This emphasizes oral cancer is a socioeconomic-mediated disease.

Indexed as

Mouth NeoplasmsCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleGross Domestic ProductHumansLatin AmericaMaleMiddle AgedMortalitySocioeconomic FactorsLatin AmericaMortalityOral cancerSocioeconomic factors

Identifiers

PMID33602161
PMCPMC7890605

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.