Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33601001›Full record

SynthesisPhotodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy2021

A systematic review of photodynamic therapy as an antiviral treatment: Potential guidance for dealing with SARS-CoV-2.

Pollyanna C V Conrado, Karina M Sakita, Glaucia S Arita, Camila B Galinari, Renato S Gonçalves, Luciana D G Lopes, Maria V C Lonardoni, Jorge J V Teixeira, Patrícia S Bonfim-Mendonça, Erika S Kioshima

Abstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. RuvidarViruses · 2025
    Article
  2. Membrane-Targeting Antivirals.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Near-Infrared Dyes: Towards Broad-Spectrum Antivirals.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022
    Review
  11. Review
  12. Fluorine Atoms on CInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Oral lesions and saliva alterations of COVID-19 patients in an intensive care unit: A retrospective study.Special care in dentistry : official publication of the American Association of Hospital Dentists, the Academy of Dentistry for the Handicapped, and the American Society for Geriatric Dentistry · 2022
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Pollyanna C V ConradoDepartment of Analysis Clinics and Biomedicine, State University of Maringa, Parana, Brazil.
Karina M SakitaDepartment of Analysis Clinics and Biomedicine, State University of Maringa, Parana, Brazil.
Glaucia S AritaDepartment of Analysis Clinics and Biomedicine, State University of Maringa, Parana, Brazil.
Camila B GalinariDepartment of Analysis Clinics and Biomedicine, State University of Maringa, Parana, Brazil.
Renato S GonçalvesDepartment of Chemistry, State University of Maringa, Parana, Brazil.
Luciana D G LopesDepartment of Analysis Clinics and Biomedicine, State University of Maringa, Parana, Brazil.
Maria V C LonardoniDepartment of Analysis Clinics and Biomedicine, State University of Maringa, Parana, Brazil.
Jorge J V TeixeiraDepartment of Analysis Clinics and Biomedicine, State University of Maringa, Parana, Brazil.
Patrícia S Bonfim-MendonçaDepartment of Analysis Clinics and Biomedicine, State University of Maringa, Parana, Brazil.
Erika S KioshimaDepartment of Analysis Clinics and Biomedicine, State University of Maringa, Parana, Brazil. Electronic address: eskcotica@uem.br.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSARS-CoV-2, which causes the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), presents high rates of morbidity and mortality around the world. The search to eliminate SARS-CoV-2 is ongoing and urgent. This systematic review seeks to assess whether photodynamic therapy (PDT) could be effective in SARS-CoV-2 inactivation.

methodsThe focus question was: Can photodynamic therapy be used as potential guidance for dealing with SARS-CoV-2?". A literature search, according to PRISMA statements, was conducted in the electronic databases PubMed, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Web of Science, LILACS, and Google Scholar. Studies published from January 2004 to June 2020 were analyzed. In vitro and in vivo studies were included that evaluated the effect of PDT mediated by several photosensitizers on RNA and DNA enveloped and non-enveloped viruses.

resultsFrom 27 selected manuscripts, 26 publications used in vitro studies, 24 were exclusively in vitro, and two had in vitro/in vivo parts. Only one analyzed publication was exclusively in vivo. Meta-analysis studies were unfeasible due to heterogeneity of the data. The risk of bias was analyzed in all studies.

conclusionThe in vitro and in vivo studies selected in this systematic review indicated that PDT is capable of photoinactivating enveloped and non-enveloped DNA and RNA viruses, suggesting that PDT can potentially photoinactivate SARS-CoV-2.

Indexed as

COVID-19PhotochemotherapyAntiviral AgentsHumansPhotosensitizing AgentsSARS-CoV-2Antiviral AgentsPhotosensitizing AgentsPhotodynamic therapyPhotoinactivationPhotosensitizersSARS-CoV-2Viruses

Identifiers

PMID33601001
PMCPMC7883714

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.