ReviewThe Lancet. Child & adolescent health2021
Immune function in childhood cancer survivors: a Children's Oncology Group review.
Review in The Lancet. Child & adolescent health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phase II Study of Responses to Vaccination in Pediatric Cancer Survivors Following Standard-of-Care Non-HSCT Chemotherapy.Pediatric blood & cancer · 2025Trial
- [Application of "kindergarten effect" in radiotherapy for children with tumor aged 3-5 years].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2022Trial
- Immunogenicity and safety of the human papillomavirus vaccine in young survivors of cancer in the USA: a single-arm, open-label, phase 2, non-inferiority trial.The Lancet. Child & adolescent health · 2022Trial
- A Personalised Vaccination Program Based on Immune Reconstitution in Paediatric Cancer Survivors.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2026Article
- Vaccination in pediatric transplantation-General recommendations. A position paper by the European Reference Network TransplantChild.Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition · 2026Review
- Examining HPV vaccination coverage among childhood, adolescent, and young adult cancer survivors: a report from the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort study.Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice · 2026Article
- Evaluating functional hyposplenism in pediatric hodgkin lymphoma: the role of marginal zone b cells post-radiotherapy.BMC cancer · 2026Article
- Multiple Basal Cell Carcinomas in a Long-Term Survivor of Childhood ALL and HSCT-A Call for Dermatologic Vigilance.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Pediatric Cancer Survivorship: A Review.Pediatric annals · 2025Review
- Retrospective comparisons of the dosimetric differences between coplanar and non-coplanar volume-modulated arc therapy in patients with pediatric brainstem glioma.Oncology letters · 2025Article
- Development and Validation of a Brief Self-Report Scale to Measure Perceived Immune Vulnerability (PIV) in Cancer Population.Cancers · 2025Article
- Cytotoxic T-cell activation profile in critically ill children with malignancies and hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.Pediatric research · 2025Article
- COVID-19 infection and severity among childhood cancer survivors in Denmark and Sweden: a register-based cohort study with matched population and sibling comparisons.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2025Article
- Adolescent Survivors of Childhood Cancer: Biopsychosocial Challenges and the Transition from Survival to Quality of Life.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Deficits in Long-Term Vaccine Immunity Among Childhood Cancer Survivors Despite Revaccination Programs.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Immune-aging at diagnosis determines T-cell recovery in childhood leukemia survivors.npj aging · 2025Article
- Divergent immediate and delayed effects of juvenile exposure to doxorubicin on the thymus in C57BL/6 mice.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The Children's Oncology Group Long-Term Follow-Up Guidelines for Survivors of Childhood, Adolescent, and Young Adult Cancers: A Review.JAMA oncology · 2025Review
- Distinct NK cell function and gene expression in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in remission before and after acute exercise: an exploratory study.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Cancer survivorship in low- and middle-income countries: challenges, needs, and emerging support strategies.Frontiers in public health · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 10 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Childhood cancer and its treatment often impact the haematopoietic and lymphatic systems, with immunological consequences. Immunological assessments are not routinely included in surveillance guidelines for most survivors of childhood cancer, although a robust body of literature describes immunological outcomes, testing recommendations, and revaccination guidelines after allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation. Survivorship care providers might not fully consider the impaired recovery of a child's immune system after cancer treatment if the child has not undergone haematopoietic cell transplantation. We did a scoping review to collate the existing literature describing immune function after childhood cancer therapy, including both standard-dose chemotherapy and high-dose chemotherapy with haematopoietic cell rescue. This Review aims to summarise: the principles of immunology and testing of immune function; the body of literature describing immunological outcomes after childhood cancer therapy, with an emphasis on the risk of infection, when is testing indicated, and preventive strategies; and knowledge gaps and opportunities for future research.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.