ReviewPhysiological reviews2021
Regulation and metabolic functions of mTORC1 and mTORC2.
Review in Physiological reviews, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 505 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
505 citing papers in PubMed, 735 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- The anti-inflammatory effects of three different dietary supplement interventions.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Trial
- A dual-targeting mRNA lipid nanoparticle restores ABCA1-dependent cholesterol homeostasis to promote repair of age-related bone defects.Bioactive materials · 2027Article
- mTORC2-NaChannels (Austin, Tex.) · 2026Article
- Analysis of exosomal mRNA profile in cancer tissue from patients with colorectal cancer.Biomedical reports · 2026Article
- Mitoxyperiosis Defines a Monocyte-driven Inflammatory Endotype in Ischemic Stroke: Multi-cohort Transcriptomic and Single-cell CITE-seq Analysis.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2026Article
- Targeting KIT prevents brain arteriovenous malformations driven by ALK1-deficient angiogenic endothelial cells.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Pdcd4-Rictor interaction suppresses mTORC2-PFKFB3 axis and tumorigenesis in NSCLC.Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.) · 2026Article
- Iron dysregulation in the central nervous system: implications for autism spectrum disorder.Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2026Review
- Glycolysis Drives TLR Ligand-Induced Maturation and Immune Activation of Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2026Article
- Mitochondrial Metabolic Reprogramming in Glioma: Mechanisms of Tumorigenesis and Implications for Clinical Therapy.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Review
- The role of mTORC2/RICTOR in immune cells and inflammatory diseases.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026Review
- Review
- Nanomaterial-driven spatiotemporal autophagy modulation: The dual-edged sword in precision cancer therapy.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Investigation of the Mechanism of Total Flavonoids From Chuju in Mitigating Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats Using Untargeted Metabolomics.Food science & nutrition · 2026Article
- High-Dose MK-801 Attenuated Early TTC-Defined Cortical Injury Even under the Conditions of Suppressed Rapamycin-Sensitive pS6 Signaling during Early Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- PI3K/AKT signaling pathway: molecular crossroads in tumorigenesis and therapeutic innovation.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Reprogramming immunometabolism: linking nutrient sensing, cell death, and therapeutic innovation.Immunologic research · 2026Review
- Excess glutamine rewires endothelial cell metabolism.Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society · 2026Article
- [Everolimus inhibits malignant phenotype of erdafitinib-resistant bladder cancer cells through the p70S6K/PI3K/MAPK signaling pathway].Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2026Article
445 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cells metabolize nutrients for biosynthetic and bioenergetic needs to fuel growth and proliferation. The uptake of nutrients from the environment and their intracellular metabolism is a highly controlled process that involves cross talk between growth signaling and metabolic pathways. Despite constant fluctuations in nutrient availability and environmental signals, normal cells restore metabolic homeostasis to maintain cellular functions and prevent disease. A central signaling molecule that integrates growth with metabolism is the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR). mTOR is a protein kinase that responds to levels of nutrients and growth signals. mTOR forms two protein complexes, mTORC1, which is sensitive to rapamycin, and mTORC2, which is not directly inhibited by this drug. Rapamycin has facilitated the discovery of the various functions of mTORC1 in metabolism. Genetic models that disrupt either mTORC1 or mTORC2 have expanded our knowledge of their cellular, tissue, as well as systemic functions in metabolism. Nevertheless, our knowledge of the regulation and functions of mTORC2, particularly in metabolism, has lagged behind. Since mTOR is an important target for cancer, aging, and other metabolism-related pathologies, understanding the distinct and overlapping regulation and functions of the two mTOR complexes is vital for the development of more effective therapeutic strategies. This review discusses the key discoveries and recent findings on the regulation and metabolic functions of the mTOR complexes. We highlight findings from cancer models but also discuss other examples of the mTOR-mediated metabolic reprogramming occurring in stem and immune cells, type 2 diabetes/obesity, neurodegenerative disorders, and aging.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.