ReviewDrug delivery and translational research2021
Development of vaccine formulations: past, present, and future.
Review in Drug delivery and translational research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 95 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of CaClACS omega · 2026Article
- Immunoinformatics-driven multi-epitope vaccine design as a promising strategy against multidrug-resistant pathogens: a comprehensive review.Folia microbiologica · 2026Review
- Beyond Antibiotics: Alternative Strategies TargetingExpert reviews in molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Bacterial ghosts (BGs): A promising approach as candidate vaccine.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2026Review
- Leishmaniasis vaccine research: current status and new directions.Parasitology · 2026Review
- Research Progress of Microneedles in Vaccine Delivery.Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Architects of folding, editors of immunity: the strategic use ofFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- The Use and Importance ofArtificial Intelligence in Vaccine Research, Development, and Production.Archives of Razi Institute · 2025Review
- Design a multi-epitope vaccine candidate against Acinetobacter baumannii using advanced computational methods.AMB Express · 2025Article
- Novel adjuvant delivery system constructed by alum-emulsion hybrid nanoparticles with TLR9 agonists boosts vaccine immunity.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Article
- Article
- Revolution of AAV in Drug Discovery: From Delivery System to Clinical Application.Journal of medical virology · 2025Review
- Immunogenicity and Protective Efficacy of an mRNA Vaccine Targeting HSV-2 UL41 in Mice.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Emerging Applications of Pickering Emulsions in Pharmaceutical Formulations: A Comprehensive Review.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- Navigating Fish Immunity: Focus on Mucosal Immunity and the Evolving Landscape of Mucosal Vaccines.Biology · 2024Review
- Nanoparticles as Delivery Systems for Antigenic Saccharides: From Conjugation Chemistry to Vaccine Design.Vaccines · 2024Review
- Prophylactic and therapeutic vaccine development: advancements and challenges.Molecular biomedicine · 2024Review
- In vivo spatiotemporal characterizing diverse body transportation of optical labeled high immunity aluminium adjuvants with photoacoustic tomography.Photoacoustics · 2024Article
- Unlocking the potential of nanomedicine: advances in precision targeting strategies.Drug delivery and translational research · 2024Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The current situation, heavily influenced by the ongoing pandemic, puts vaccines back into the spotlight. However, the conventional and traditional vaccines present disadvantages, particularly related to immunogenicity, stability, and storage of the final product. Often, such products require the maintenance of a "cold chain," impacting the costs, the availability, and the distribution of vaccines. Here, after a recall of the mode of action of vaccines and the types of vaccines currently available, we analyze the past, present, and future of vaccine formulation. The past focuses on conventional formulations, the present discusses the use of nanoparticles for vaccine delivery and as adjuvants, while the future presents microneedle patches as alternative formulation and administration route. Finally, we compare the advantages and disadvantages of injectable solutions, nanovaccines, and microneedles in terms of efficacy, stability, and patient-friendly design. Different approaches to vaccine formulation development, the conventional vaccine formulations from the past, the current development of lipid nanoparticles as vaccines, and the near future microneedles formulations are discussed in this review.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.