Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33598685›Full record

ArticleNeuro-oncology2021

Establishing anchor-based minimally important differences for the EORTC QLQ-C30 in glioma patients.

Linda Dirven, Jammbe Z Musoro, Corneel Coens, Jaap C Reijneveld, Martin J B Taphoorn, Florien W Boele, Mogens Groenvold, Martin J van den Bent, Roger Stupp, Galina Velikova and 5 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Neuro-oncology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
3.3field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Health-related quality of life in adults with low-grade gliomas: a systematic review.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2023
    Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Challenges in interpreting individual-level changes in health-related quality of life in patients with glioma using minimally important differences (MIDs) and a 4-point Likert scale.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2025
    Trial
  4. Cancer-specific utility: clinical validation of the EORTC QLU-C10D in patients with glioblastoma.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2025
    Trial
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Unraveling assumptions about clinical relevance in patient-reported outcome data : A qualitative study on perspectives of different interest groups.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Observational
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 12 institutions in 7 countries.

Linda DirvenDepartment of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-9157-9895
Jammbe Z MusoroEuropean Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), Brussels, Belgium.
Corneel CoensEuropean Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), Brussels, Belgium.
Jaap C ReijneveldDepartment of Neurology & Brain Tumor Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Martin J B TaphoornDepartment of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Florien W BoeleLeeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK.
Mogens GroenvoldLeeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK.
Martin J van den BentBrain Tumor Center, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Roger StuppFeinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Galina VelikovaLeeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-1899-5942
Kim CocksAdelphi Values, Bollington, Cheshire, UK.
Mirjam A G SprangersDepartment of Medical Psychology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Madeleine T KingFaculty of Science, School of Psychology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-7192-2887
Hans-Henning FlechtnerClinic for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany.
Andrew BottomleyEuropean Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC), Brussels, Belgium.
European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer · BELeiden University Medical Center · NLAdelphi Group (United Kingdom) · GBAmsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam · NLAmsterdam University Medical Centers · NLErasmus MC Cancer Institute · NLNorthwestern University · USSt James's University Hospital · GBThe University of Sydney · AUUniversity Hospital Magdeburg · DEUniversity of Copenhagen · DKUniversity of Leeds · GB

Funding

EORTC Quality of Life Group 006/2014
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMinimally important differences (MIDs) allow interpretation of the clinical relevance of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) results. This study aimed to estimate MIDs for all European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (QLQ-C30) scales for interpreting group-level results in brain tumor patients.

methodsClinical and HRQOL data from three glioma trials were used. Clinical anchors were selected for each EORTC QLQ-C30 scale, based on correlation (>0.30) and clinical plausibility of association. Changes in both HRQOL and the anchors were calculated, and for each scale and time period, patients were categorized into one of the three clinical change groups: deteriorated by one anchor category, no change, or improved by one anchor category. Mean change method and linear regression were applied to estimate MIDs for interpreting within-group change and between-group differences in change over time, respectively. Distribution-based methods were applied to generate supportive evidence.

resultsA total of 1687 patients were enrolled in the three trials. The retained anchors were performance status and eight Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) scales. MIDs for interpreting within-group change ranged from 4 to 12 points for improvement and -4 to -14 points for deterioration. MIDs for between-group difference in change ranged from 4 to 9 for improvement and -4 to -16 for deterioration. Most anchor-based MIDs were closest to the 0.3 SD distribution-based estimates (range: 3-10).

conclusionsMIDs for the EORTC QLQ-C30 scales generally ranged between 4 and 11 points for both within-group mean change and between-group mean difference in change. These results can be used to interpret QLQ-C30 results from glioma trials.

Indexed as

Brain NeoplasmsGliomaHumansQuality of LifeResearch DesignSurveys and Questionnairesbrain tumorclinical relevanceEORTC QLQ-C30health-related quality of life (HRQOL)minimally important difference (MID)

Identifiers

PMID33598685
PMCPMC8328025
OpenAlexW3131616524

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.