ArticleEuropean stroke journal2020
Sex differences in treatment, radiological features and outcome after intracerebral haemorrhage: Pooled analysis of Intensive Blood Pressure Reduction in Acute Cerebral Haemorrhage trials 1 and 2.
Article in European stroke journal, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Randomised Trial to Establish the Effects of Early Intensive Blood Pressure Lowering on Death and Disability in Patients With Stroke Due to Acute Intracerebral Haemorrhage
An International Randomised Controlled Trial to Establish the Effects of Early Intensive Blood Pressure Lowering in Patients With Intracerebral Haemorrhage.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intensive Blood Pressure Lowering for Intracerebral Hemorrhage: A Systematic Review and Updated Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Neurocritical care · 2025Pooled it
- Sex Differences in Perihematomal Edema Volume and Outcome After Intracerebral Hemorrhage.Neurocritical care · 2024Trial
- Sex and gender-related differences in neurological diseases: current challenges and recommendations for clinical practice.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Review
- Sex differences in imaging features including cerebral amyloid angiopathy markers in intracerebral hemorrhage.Frontiers in stroke · 2026Article
- Review
- Diverging Trends in Survival and Functional Outcome between Males and Females after Intracerebral Hemorrhage.Neuroepidemiology · 2025Observational
- Sex Differences in the Evaluation and Treatment of Stroke.Handbook of experimental pharmacology · 2023Review
- Article
- Sex-Related Differences in Patients' Characteristics, Provided Care, and Outcomes Following Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage.Neurocritical care · 2022Article
- The Impact of Sex and Gender on Stroke.Circulation research · 2022Review
- Sex-Differences in Oral Anticoagulant-Related Intracerebral Hemorrhage.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- Incidence and Outcomes of Hemorrhagic Stroke among Adults in Spain (2016-2018) According to Sex: A Retrospective, Cohort, Observational, Propensity Score Matched Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 8 institutions in 8 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionReports vary on how sex influences the management and outcome from acute intracerebral haemorrhage. We aimed to quantify sex disparities in clinical characteristics, management, including response to blood pressure lowering treatment, and outcomes in patients with acute intracerebral haemorrhage, through interrogation of two large clinical trial databases. PATIENTS AND
methodsPost-hoc pooled analysis of the Intensive Blood Pressure Reduction in Acute Cerebral Haemorrhage trials 1 and 2, where patients with a hypertensive response (systolic, 150-220 mmHg) after spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage (<6 h) were randomised to intensive (target <140 mmHg <1 h) or guideline-recommended (<180 mmHg) blood pressure lowering treatment. The interaction of sex on early haematoma growth (24 h), death or major disability (modified Rankin scale scores 3-6 at 90 days), and effect of randomised treatment were determined in multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for baseline confounding variables.
resultsIn 3233 participants, 1191 (37%) were women who were significantly older, had higher baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores and smaller haematoma volumes compared to men. Men had higher three-month mortality (odds ratio 1.48, 95% confidence interval 1.10-2.00); however, there was no difference between women and men in the combined endpoint of death or major disability. There were no significant sex differences on mean haematoma growth or effect of randomised blood pressure lowering treatment. DISCUSSION: Men included in the Intensive Blood Pressure Reduction in Acute Cerebral Haemorrhage trials had more comorbidities, larger baseline haematoma volumes and higher mortality after adjustment for age, as compared with women.
conclusionMen included in the Intensive Blood Pressure Reduction in Acute Cerebral Haemorrhage trials had a greater odds of dying after intracerebral haemorrhage than women, which could not be readily explained by differing casemix or patterns of blood pressure management. CLINICAL
trial registrationThe Intensive Blood Pressure Reduction in Acute Cerebral Haemorrhage trials studies are registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00226096 and NCT00716079).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.