Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33598501›Full record

ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2021

Babesiosis Occurrence Among United States Medicare Beneficiaries, Ages 65 and Older, During 2006-2017: Overall and by State and County of Residence.

Mikhail Menis, Barbee I Whitaker, Michael Wernecke, Yixin Jiao, Anne Eder, Sanjai Kumar, Wenjie Xu, Jiemin Liao, Yuqin Wei, Thomas E MaCurdy and 3 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Babesiosis and Its Significance in Transfusion Medicine from a European Point of View.Transfusion medicine and hemotherapy : offizielles Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Transfusionsmedizin und Immunhamatologie · 2026
    Review
  2. Research progress on diagnostic techniques for differentFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025
    Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Transfusion-transmittedJournal of clinical microbiology · 2023
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Molecular Screening of Blood Donors forTransfusion medicine and hemotherapy : offizielles Organ der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Transfusionsmedizin und Immunhamatologie · 2023
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Trends in Reported Babesiosis Cases - United States, 2011-2019.MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report · 2023
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. The Global Emergence of Human Babesiosis.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Preventing Transfusion-Transmitted Babesiosis.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Mikhail MenisFood and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.
Barbee I WhitakerFood and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.
Michael WerneckeAcumen LLC, Burlingame, California, USA.
Yixin JiaoAcumen LLC, Burlingame, California, USA.
Anne EderFood and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.
Sanjai KumarFood and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.
Wenjie XuAcumen LLC, Burlingame, California, USA.
Jiemin LiaoAcumen LLC, Burlingame, California, USA.
Yuqin WeiAcumen LLC, Burlingame, California, USA.
Thomas E MaCurdyAcumen LLC, Burlingame, California, USA.
Jeffrey A KelmanCenters for Medicare & Medicaid Services, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Steven A AndersonFood and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.
Richard A ForsheeFood and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.
Acumen (United States) · USUnited States Food and Drug Administration · USCenters for Medicare and Medicaid Services · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHuman babesiosis is a mild-to-severe parasitic infection that poses health concerns especially in older and other at-risk populations. The study objective was to assess babesiosis occurrence among US Medicare beneficiaries, ages 65 and older, during 2006-2017.

methodsOur retrospective claims-based study used Medicare databases. Babesiosis cases were identified using recorded diagnosis codes. The study estimated rates (per 100 000 beneficiary-years) overall, by year, diagnosis month, demographics, and state and county of residence.

resultsNationwide, 19 469 beneficiaries had babesiosis recorded, at a rate of 6 per 100 000 person-years, ranging from 4 in 2006 to 9 in 2017 (

conclusionsOur 12-year study shows substantially increasing babesiosis diagnosis trends, with highest rates in well established endemic states. It also suggests expansion of babesiosis infections in other states and highlights the utility of real-world evidence.

Indexed as

babesiosisdiagnosiselderlyMedicaretrends

Identifiers

PMID33598501
PMCPMC7875327
OpenAlexW3111609732

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.