ReviewSurgical neurology international2021
Pseudosubarachnoid hemorrhage: A systematic review of causes, diagnostic modalities, and outcomes in patients who present with pseudosubarachnoid hemorrhage.
Review in Surgical neurology international, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- [A case of sepsis complicated by multiple organ dysfunction syndrome with CT appearance of pseudo-subarachnoid hem-orrhage].Zhejiang da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Zhejiang University. Medical sciences · 2025Article
- Intrathecal iodinated contrast mimicking subarachnoid hemorrhage in a patient with neurological symptoms.Current journal of neurology · 2024Article
- Article
- Cerebral edema associated with diabetic ketoacidosis: Two case reports.Acute medicine & surgeryArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPatients with computed tomography (CT) findings consistent with subarachnoid hemorrhage without evidence of hemorrhage following autopsy or cerebrospinal fluid testing are termed to have pseudosubarachnoid hemorrhage (pSAH).
methodsA systematic review of literature was conducted based on the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis statement. Studies were evaluated for associated cause of pSAH, imaging modality used in assessment, method of confirmatory testing, and clinical outcome.
resultsFifty studies were included in qualitative analysis including 197 cases of pSAH. Systematic review revealed 23 studies including 110 patients with pSAH attributed to hypoxic-ischemic brain injury following cardiac arrest. Three studies were included in meta-analysis that quantitatively analyzed differences in CT densities in patients with pSAH and true subarachnoid hemorrhage (true SAH). A random effects model meta-analysis showed a statistically significant decrease in densities in the Sylvian fissure in patients with pSAH compared to true SAH and a statistically significant decrease in densities in adjacent parenchyma in patients with pSAH compared to true SAH. Systematic review further revealed 32 patients with pSAH associated with spontaneous intracranial hypotension, 11 patients with pSAH related to infectious etiologies, 15 patients with pSAH associated with subdural hemorrhage, 20 cases of pSAH related to hyperhemoglobinemia, 2 cases related to valproate toxicity, and individual cases related to hyponatremia, diabetic ketoacidosis, sudden infant death syndrome, cerebellar infarction, and dialysis disequilibrium syndrome.
conclusionThis study is the first systematic review of causes, diagnostic modalities, and outcomes in patients who present with pSAH. A diagnosis of pSAH may be considered following assessment of CT densities following cardiac arrest.
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