ReviewThe journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical diseases2021
Maintenance of venomous snakes in captivity for venom production at Butantan Institute from 1908 to the present: a scoping history.
Review in The journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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13 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Single-Arm, Multicenter Phase I/II Clinical Trial for the Treatment of Envenomings by Massive Africanized Honey Bee Stings Using the Unique Apilic Antivenom.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Trial
- Sexual Dimorphism and Intraspecific Toxin Variation in Crotalus durissus terrificus Venom: Insights from Proteomics, Peptidomics, and Structural Modeling.Journal of proteome research · 2026Article
- Post-Mortem Effects as a Variation Factor inToxins · 2026Article
- Venomics across theJournal of proteome research · 2026Article
- Retrospective analysis of clinical and epidemiological characteristics of Chinese cobra bites in a South China emergency department.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Adult Animal Stem Cell-Derived Organoids in Biomedical Research and the One Health Paradigm.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Proteomics and life-history variability of Endogenous Phospholipases A2 Inhibitors (PLIs) in Bothrops jararaca plasma.PloS one · 2024Article
- Comparative Study of the Effect of Snake Venoms on the Growth of Ciliates Tetrahymena pyriformis: Identification of Venoms with High Antiprotozoal Activity.Doklady. Biochemistry and biophysics · 2022Article
- Compositional and toxicological investigation of pooled venom from farm-raisedThe journal of venomous animals and toxins including tropical diseases · 2022Article
- Antineoplastic properties and pharmacological applications of Crotalus durissus terrificus snake venom.Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical · 2022Review
- Neglected Venomous Animals and Toxins: Underrated Biotechnological Tools in Drug Development.Toxins · 2021Review
- A Strategy for Efficient Preparation of Genus-Specific Diagnostic Antibodies for Snakebites.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- From birth to adulthood: An analysis of the Brazilian lancehead (Bothrops moojeni) venom at different life stages.PloS one · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Maintenance of snakes at Butantan Institute started in the last century, intending to produce a different antivenom serum to reduce death caused by snakebites. Through a successful campaign coordinated by Vital Brazil, farmers sent venomous snakes to Butantan Institute by the railway lines with no cost. From 1908 to 1962, the snakes were kept in an outdoor serpentarium, where venom extraction was performed every 15 days. During this period, the snake average survival was 15 days. In 1963, the snakes were transferred to an adapted building, currently called Laboratory of Herpetology (LH), to be maintained in an intensive system. Although the periodicity of venom extraction remained the same, animal average survival increased to two months. With the severe serum crisis in 1983, the Ministry of Health financed remodeling for the three public antivenom producers, and with this support, the LH could be improved. Air conditioning and exhausting systems were installed in the rooms, besides the settlement of critical hygienic-sanitary managements to increase the welfare of snakes. In the early 1990s, snake survival was ten months. Over the years to the present day, several improvements have been made in the intensive serpentarium, as the establishment of two quarantines, feeding with thawed rodents, an interval of two months between venom extraction routines, and monitoring of snake health through laboratory tests. With these new protocols, average snake survival increased significantly, being eight years for the genus
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