ArticleBMJ (Clinical research ed.)2021
Food anaphylaxis in the United Kingdom: analysis of national data, 1998-2018.
Article in BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 79 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
79 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 203 citations in OpenAlex.
- Epithelial immunotherapy for food allergy in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Risk factors for severe reactions in food allergy: Rapid evidence review with meta-analysis.Allergy · 2022Pooled it
- Do Probiotics in Pregnancy Reduce Allergies and Asthma in Infancy and Childhood? A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- Peanut Can Be Used as a Reference Allergen for Hazard Characterization in Food Allergen Risk Management: A Rapid Evidence Assessment and Meta-Analysis.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2022Pooled it
- Global patterns in anaphylaxis due to specific foods: A systematic review.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2021Pooled it
- Validation and reliability of the Italian versions of the Food Allergy Quality of Life -Parental Burden (FAQL-PB) and -Parent Form 10 (FAQLQ-PF10) Questionnaires.Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2026Article
- Prevalence of food allergies in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis.The World Allergy Organization journal · 2026Review
- Unusual Causes of Food-Induced Anaphylaxis - A Review.Indian dermatology online journal · 2026Article
- Prevalence of Immediate-Type Food Allergy and Food-Induced Anaphylaxis in Korean Schoolchildren.Allergy, asthma & immunology research · 2026Article
- Article
- Acute Allergic Reactions and Severe Anaphylaxis: Underlying Causes, Management Strategies, and Future Directions.Archives of internal medicine research · 2026Article
- A retrospective cohort study of supervised and home baked and/or neat hen's egg challenge for pediatric IgE hen's egg allergy.Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2026Article
- Adrenaline Auto-Injector Prescribing in Primary Care in England: An Analysis of Non-Standard Dosing.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2026Article
- Identifying and Prioritising BSACI Service Standards for Paediatric Allergy in the United Kingdom.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2026Article
- Documentation of Drug and Non-Drug Allergies in Public Hospital Electronic Health Records: A National Survey.Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology · 2026Article
- Observational
- A Growing Concern for Cashew and an Unexpected Risk From Almonds: Data From the Anaphylaxis Registry.Allergy · 2025Article
- Recent Insights into the Epidemiology and Management of AnaphylaxisBalkan medical journal · 2025Review
- Lactate in Anaphylaxis: 100 Years On.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Review
- Trends in food allergy among Hong Kong preschoolers: Findings from 2006, 2013, and 2020 surveys.Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2025Article
19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo describe time trends for hospital admissions due to food anaphylaxis in the United Kingdom over the past 20 years.
designAnalysis of national data, 1998-2018.
settingData relating to hospital admissions for anaphylaxis and deaths, and prescription data for adrenaline autoinjector devices.
participantsUK population as a whole and devolved nations (England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland).
main outcome measuresTime trends, age, and sex distributions for hospital admissions for anaphylaxis due to food and non-food triggers, and how these admission rates compare with the case fatality rate (number of fatalities as a proportion of hospital admissions).
resultsBetween 1998 and 2018, 101 891 people were admitted to hospital for anaphylaxis. Of these admissions, 30 700 (30.1%) were coded as due to a food trigger. Food anaphylaxis admissions increased from 1.23 to 4.04 per 100 000 population per year (from 1998 to 2018), an annual increase of 5.7% (95% confidence interval 5.5% to 5.9%, P<0.001). The largest increase in hospital admissions was observed in children younger than 15 years, with an increase from 2.1 to 9.2 admissions per 100 000 population per year (an annual increase of 6.6%, 95% confidence interval 6.3% to 7.0%). For comparison, the annual increase was 5.9% (5.6% to 6.2%) in people aged 15-59 years and 2.1% (1.8% to 3.1%) in those aged 60 years and older. 152 deaths were identified where the fatal event was probably caused by food induced anaphylaxis. The case fatality rate decreased from 0.7% to 0.19% for confirmed fatal food anaphylaxis (rate ratio 0.931, 95% confidence interval 0.904 to 0.959, P<0.001) and to 0.30% for suspected fatal food anaphylaxis (0.970, 0.945 to 0.996, P=0.024). At least 46% (86 of 187, which also includes 35 deaths in 1992-98) of deaths were triggered by peanut or tree nut. Cow's milk was responsible for 17 of 66 (26%) deaths in school aged children. Over the same time period, prescriptions for adrenaline autoinjectors increased by 336% (estimated rate ratio 1.113, 95% confidence interval 1.112 to 1.113; an increase of 11% per year).
conclusionsHospital admissions for food induced anaphylaxis have increased from 1998 to 2018, however the case fatality rate has decreased. In school aged children, cow's milk is now the most common single cause of fatal anaphylaxis.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.