Observational studyIndian journal of ophthalmology2021
The economic burden of diabetic retinopathy care at a tertiary eye care center in South India.
Observational study in Indian journal of ophthalmology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Determining direct, indirect healthcare and social costs for diabetic retinopathy management: a systematic review.BMC ophthalmology · 2024Pooled it
- Effect of Chinese Patent Medicines on Ocular Fundus Signs and Vision in Calcium Dobesilate-Treated Persons With Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- Article
- Real-World Comparison of Biosimilar Ranibizumab (Ranieyes) and Innovator Ranibizumab (Lucentis/Accentrix) Across Multiple Retinal Vascular Diseases (The BRIO Study).Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy for posterior segment diseases: Progress, challenges, and the road ahead.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2026Review
- Article
- Cost of diabetes and hypertension services delivered in primary and secondary-level government facilities in Punjab, India.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Quantifying the direct costs of diabetic retinopathy in a mixed healthcare system: a hospital-based study from governmental and patient perspectives.Cost effectiveness and resource allocation : C/E · 2026Article
- Natural remedies proposed for the management of diabetic retinopathy (DR): diabetic complications.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- Twelve‑Month Response and Safety of Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implant in Treatment‑Naïve and Recalcitrant Diabetic Macular Edema (TREAT-DME Study).Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Article
- Article
- The relationship between blood vitamin A levels and diabetic retinopathy: a population-based study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The Economic Burden of Diabetic Retinopathy in Jordan: Cost Analysis and Associated Factors.ClinicoEconomics and outcomes research : CEOR · 2024Article
- Recent advances in the treatment and delivery system of diabetic retinopathy.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Review
- Effectiveness of mDiabetes intervention in enhancing diabetes awareness and promoting healthy lifestyle changes among the general population in rural India.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Review
- Estimating the costs of blindness and moderate to severe visual impairment among people with diabetes in India.BMJ open · 2023Article
- A Review of Pathogenesis and Risk Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy With Emphasis on Screening Techniques.Cureus · 2022Review
- Socioeconomic status and diabetic retinopathy in India.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the cost and factors affecting diabetic retinopathy (DR) care in a tertiary eye care facility in South India. Methods: In a retrospective, observational study, we evaluated the costs incurred in DR management in each stage of retinopathy from electronic medical records. Both medical and indirect costs (transportation and boarding) were calculated. Results: The study evaluated 1000 consecutive patients (2000 eyes) with DR, from January to June 2019. One-third (32%; n = 321) patients were females. The median cost per patient was INR 8,214 (IQR 2,812-29,748). Cost of care was higher in patients with sight-threatening DR (STDR) compared to non-STDR (INR 31,820 vs INR 14,356, P < 0.001). Among 57.3% (n = 573;1137 eyes) of subjects who completed treatment, there was a statistically significant reduction in visual impairment (427 to 355 eyes) and blindness (<3/60) (132 to 103 eyes) from baseline (P < 0.001). The number of follow-up visits had a negative association with travel distance and socioeconomic status (P < 0.001); the positive association was seen with DR severity (P = 0.002) and total cost (P < 0.001) on regression analysis. There was a nearly 3-fold difference in the average medical cost per eye for subjects with severe visual loss (<3/60) (INR 26,270) compared to those with good vision (≥6/12) (INR 8,510). Conclusion: Treatment of DR benefits, but the cost of care increases with disease severity and visual impairment. Compliance to care was related to DR severity and treatment cost. Some of the barriers could be reduced with greater advocacy and reduced travel distance.
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