Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33595469›Full record

ReviewIndian journal of ophthalmology2021

Smartphone applications in ophthalmology: A quantitative analysis.

Lokeshwari Aruljyothi, Anuja Janakiraman, B Malligarjun, Balasundaram Manohar Babu

Open access · diamondAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Indian journal of ophthalmology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
7.0field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Validity and Reliability of WHOeyes Application in Community-based Visual Acuity Screening Program.Indian journal of community medicine : official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine · 2026
    Article
  4. The Impact of Primary Care Provider Telemedicine Adoption on Pediatric Ophthalmology Referrals.Telemedicine journal and e-health : the official journal of the American Telemedicine Association · 2025
    Article
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  18. Review
  19. Commentary: An app a day keeps the eye doctor busy.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2021
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Lokeshwari AruljyothiDepartment of Ophthalmology, Cataract and Cornea Services, Aravind Eye Hospital, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India.
Anuja JanakiramanDepartment of Ophthalmology, Cataract and Cornea Services, Aravind Eye Hospital, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India.
B MalligarjunDepartment of Ophthalmology, Cataract and Cornea Services, Aravind Eye Hospital, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India.
Balasundaram Manohar BabuDepartment of Ophthalmology, Cataract and Cornea Services, Aravind Eye Hospital, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India.
Aravind Eye Hospital · IN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: There is limited information in literature about the scope and usability of Smartphone Applications (Apps) in ophthalmology. Eye care professionals are therefore skeptical about the benefits of smartphone Apps and are reluctant to adopt it in their day to day practice. The purpose of this study was to provide an updated overview of all Apps exclusive to ophthalmology. Methods: This study was a quantitative analysis of Smartphone Apps exclusively designed for ophthalmic care. The Apple iPhone and Google play store were searched for eye care themed Apps. Any App related to eye treatment and management such as visual acuity screening, eye education, calculators, eBooks, Low Vision Aids were included in the study. Data on the purpose of the Apps, target end-users, validation, App usage, user ratings, and App developer qualifications were documented. Results: As of March 2020, a total of 131 Apps exclusively dedicated for eye care were identified. 53% (69/131) were available in iPhones, 44% (58/131) in Android smartphones, and 3% in both. 32% (41/131) Apps were designed for visual acuity (VA) screening, 13% (17/131) for eye relaxation exercises, 12% (15/131) for professional education, and the remaining for Apps detecting color blindness, low vision aids, and assistance and patient education. Among the 131 Apps, 6 (4.5%) Apps are claimed by the developers as validated. Conclusion: This study unveils a wide range of smartphone Apps exclusive to ophthalmology and suggests guidelines to choose an appropriate App. The study also highlights the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration in the design, development, and validation of such Apps.

Indexed as

Mobile ApplicationsOphthalmologyHumansSmartphoneVisual AcuityApps in Ophthalmologyeye care appsophthalmic appssmartphone applications

Identifiers

PMID33595469
PMCPMC7942060
OpenAlexW3129460582

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-SA
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.