ArticleInternational journal of colorectal disease2021
Long-term impacts of appendectomy associated with increased incidence of inflammatory bowel disease, infection, and colorectal cancer.
Article in International journal of colorectal disease, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- No genetic causality between appendectomy and gastrointestinal cancers: a Mendelian randomization study and meta-analysis in European population.Scientific reports · 2024Pooled it
- Dissecting the potential impact of appendectomy on colorectal cancer through metabolites and inflammatory proteins: a Mendelian randomization study.Archives of medical science : AMS · 2026Article
- Effect of Endoscopic Retrograde Appendicitis Therapy on Postoperative Gastrointestinal Function in Patients With Chronic Fecalith Appendicitis.Gastroenterology research and practice · 2026Article
- Appendectomy and Long-term Colorectal Cancer Incidence, Overall and by Tumor Fusobacterium nucleatum Status.Annals of surgery · 2025Article
- The functional landscape of the appendix microbiome under conditions of health and disease.Gut pathogens · 2025Review
- Exploring the Immunological Role of the Microbial Composition of the Appendix and the Associated Risks of Appendectomies.Journal of personalized medicine · 2025Review
- Associating Appendicitis with Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD): A Novel Insight into an Unexpected Connection.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Association of diet and outdoor time with inflammatory bowel disease: a multicenter case-control study using propensity matching analysis in China.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Review
- Construction and assessment of a joint prediction model and nomogram for colorectal cancer.Journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeAlthough the appendix has been suggested to play a role in maintaining the gut microbiome and immune system, the ramifications of appendectomy on the development inflammatory bowel disease, sepsis, and colorectal cancer are yet to be determined. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential long-term impacts of appendectomy, with a focus on inflammatory bowel disease, infection, and colorectal cancer, using the National Healthcare Insurance Service (NHIS) database of Korea.
methodsThe National Healthcare Insurance Service database in Korea was used for analysis. Adult patients who received appendectomy between 2005 and 2013 were identified. The control group consisted of patients who did not receive appendectomy were matched by baseline characteristics including comorbidities and frequency of healthcare resource utilization. The primary outcome was the incidence-rate ratio (IRR) of Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, Clostridium difficile infection, sepsis, and colorectal cancer after appendectomy or the index date.
resultsWe identified 914,208 patients who underwent appendectomy, and after matching with control patients, a total of 486,844 patients were included for analysis. Patients who underwent appendectomy showed a significantly higher incidence of Crohn's disease (IRR 4.40, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.78-5.13) and ulcerative colitis (IRR 1.78, 95% CI 1.63-1.93) compared to the control group during the 5-year follow-up period. The associations between appendectomy and Clostridium difficile infection, sepsis, and colorectal cancer were all found to be significant.
conclusionPatients who underwent appendectomy may be at increased risk for developing Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, Clostridium difficile infection, sepsis, and colorectal cancer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.