Trial reportScientific reports2021
Nonsurgical treatment outcomes for surgical candidates with lumbar disc herniation: a comprehensive cohort study.
Trial report in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Intra-articular steroid injections for lumbar disk herniation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Acta neurochirurgica · 2025Pooled it
- Clinical Efficacy of Mechanical Traction as Physical Therapy for Lumbar Disc Herniation: A Meta-Analysis.Computational and mathematical methods in medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Clinical efficacy of a Chinese herbal gel plaster combined with manipulation for lumbar disc herniation: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Trial
- AO Spine Clinical Practice Recommendations: When to Operate in Lumbar Disc Herniation.Global spine journal · 2026Review
- Very long-term outcomes of single-level minimally invasive tubular lumbar microdiscectomy with over 10 years follow-up.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Article
- Associations Between Health-Related Quality of Life and Clinical Factors in Lumbar Disc Herniation: Evidence from a Romanian Cohort Using the SF-36.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Review of Recent Treatment Strategies for Lumbar Disc Herniation (LDH) Focusing on Nonsurgical and Regenerative Therapies.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Efficacy of Selective Nerve Root Block for Different Types of Lumbar Disc Herniation: Study Protocol for a Single-Blind, Prospective Cohort Study.Journal of pain research · 2025Article
- Prediction and Mechanisms of Spontaneous Resorption in Lumbar Disc Herniation: Narrative Review.Spine surgery and related research · 2024Review
- A study on the 10-year trend of surgeries performed for lumbar disc herniation and comparative analysis of prescribed opioid analgesics and hospitalization duration: 2010-2019 HIRA NPS Data.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2024Article
- Analysis of Conservative Treatment Trends for Lumbar Disc Herniation with Radiculopathy in Korea: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Article
- Treatment Effect of CT-Guided Periradicular Injections in Context of Different Contrast Agent Distribution Patterns.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Physicians often encounter surgical candidates with lumbar disc herniation (LDH) who request non-surgical management even though surgery is recommended. However, second opinions may differ among doctors. Therefore, a prospective comprehensive cohort study (CCS) was designed to assess outcomes of nonsurgical treatment for surgical candidates who were recommended to undergo surgery for LDH but requested a second opinion. The CCS includes both randomized and observational cohorts, comprising a nonsurgery cohort and surgery cohort, in a parallel fashion. Crossover between the nonsurgery and surgery cohorts was allowed at any time. The present study was an as-treated interim analysis of 128 cases (nonsurgery cohort, n = 71; surgery cohort, n = 57). Patient-reported outcomes included visual analogue scores for the back (VAS-B) and leg (VAS-L), the Oswestry Disability Index, the EuroQol 5-Dimension instrument, and the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), which were evaluated at baseline and at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 months. At baseline, age and SF-36 physical function were significantly lower in the surgery cohort than in the nonsurgery cohort (p < 0.05). All adjusted outcomes significantly improved after both nonsurgical and surgical treatment (p < 0.05). The nonsurgery cohort showed less improvement of VAS-B and VAS-L scores at 1 month (p < 0.01), but no difference between cohorts was observed thereafter for 24 months (p > 0.01). Nonsurgical management may be a negotiable option even for surgical candidates in the shared decision-making process.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.