Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33594055›Full record

ArticleNature communications2021

Analysis of metagenome-assembled viral genomes from the human gut reveals diverse putative CrAss-like phages with unique genomic features.

Natalya Yutin, Sean Benler, Sergei A Shmakov, Yuri I Wolf, Igor Tolstoy, Mike Rayko, Dmitry Antipov, Pavel A Pevzner, Eugene V Koonin

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 94 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
94citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

94 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Remodelling of the gut virome after long-term fasting.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026
    Article
  5. Picobirnavirus: how do you find where it's hiding?Critical reviews in microbiology · 2026
    Review
  6. Phase variation inEngineering microbiology · 2026
    Article
  7. Observational
  8. Article
  9. Gut virome dynamics: from commensal to critical player in health and disease.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026
    Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

34 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Natalya YutinNational Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Sean BenlerNational Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Sergei A ShmakovNational Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Yuri I WolfNational Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0247-8708
Igor TolstoyNational Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Mike RaykoCenter for Algorithmic Biotechnology, Institute for Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia.ORCID 0000-0002-3737-1521
Dmitry AntipovCenter for Algorithmic Biotechnology, Institute for Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia.
Pavel A PevznerDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0418-165X
Eugene V KooninNational Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA. koonin@ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.ORCID 0000-0003-3943-8299

Funding

Comparative Analysis Of Completely Sequenced GenomesZIALM000073 · NLM · NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE · PI KOONIN, EUGENE V · 2009 to 2025
$43.1M
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

CrAssphage is the most abundant human-associated virus and the founding member of a large group of bacteriophages, discovered in animal-associated and environmental metagenomes, that infect bacteria of the phylum Bacteroidetes. We analyze 4907 Circular Metagenome Assembled Genomes (cMAGs) of putative viruses from human gut microbiomes and identify nearly 600 genomes of crAss-like phages that account for nearly 87% of the DNA reads mapped to these cMAGs. Phylogenetic analysis of conserved genes demonstrates the monophyly of crAss-like phages, a putative virus order, and of 5 branches, potential families within that order, two of which have not been identified previously. The phage genomes in one of these families are almost twofold larger than the crAssphage genome (145-192 kilobases), with high density of self-splicing introns and inteins. Many crAss-like phages encode suppressor tRNAs that enable read-through of UGA or UAG stop-codons, mostly, in late phage genes. A distinct feature of the crAss-like phages is the recurrent switch of the phage DNA polymerase type between A and B families. Thus, comparative genomic analysis of the expanded assemblage of crAss-like phages reveals aspects of genome architecture and expression as well as phage biology that were not apparent from the previous work on phage genomics.

Indexed as

Genome, ViralMetagenomeBacteriophagesCodonConserved SequenceDNA-Directed DNA PolymeraseGastrointestinal MicrobiomeHumansInteinsIntronsOpen Reading FramesPhylogenyRNA SplicingTranscription, GeneticViromeCodonDNA-Directed DNA Polymerase

Identifiers

PMID33594055
PMCPMC7886860

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.