ArticleNPJ vaccines2021
Immunogenicity of standard, high-dose, MF59-adjuvanted, and recombinant-HA seasonal influenza vaccination in older adults.
Article in NPJ vaccines, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antineuraminidase Antibody Responses in Older Adults After Consecutive Vaccinations With Enhanced Influenza Vaccines: A Randomized Controlled Trial.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Trial
- Unconventional functions of natural killer cells in homeostasis and disease.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Review
- Review
- Antiviral CD4Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Comparative analysis of cellular immune responses to four seasonal inactivated influenza vaccines in younger and older adults.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- Intestinal aging-related immune dysfunction: mechanisms and interventions.Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica · 2026Review
- An mRNA influenza vaccine induces immunity comparable to an adjuvanted vaccine in a randomized trial.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Assessment of hemagglutinin-inhibition activity following influenza vaccination during the 2022-2023, 2023-2024, and 2024-2025 seasons.PloS one · 2026Article
- Early lymph node T follicular helper cell signalling hub drives influenza vaccine response in an ancestrally diverse cohort.EBioMedicine · 2025Article
- Age-related changes in the immune system and challenges for the development of age-specific vaccines.Annals of medicine · 2025Review
- Review
- Intranasal hemagglutinin protein boosters induce protective mucosal immunity against influenza A viruses in mice.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Chronic Diseases and Influenza Vaccines.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Immunological enhancement of micro-nanoparticle formulated with risedronate and zinc as vaccine adjuvant in aged mice.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2025Article
- Systems analysis unravels a common rural-urban gradient in immunological profile, function, and metabolic dependencies.Science advances · 2025Article
- The Evolution of Annual Immunization Recommendations Against Influenza in Italy: The Path to Precision Vaccination.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Influenza-specific antibody-mediated and complement-dependent cellular cytotoxicity-inducing antibodies in vaccinated and infected pigs.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- A novel adjuvant system BK-02 with CpG2006 and MF59 enhances the immunogenicity of a herpes zoster subunit vaccine.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Seasonal influenza vaccine performance and the potential benefits of mRNA vaccines.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The vaccine efficacy of standard-dose seasonal inactivated influenza vaccines (S-IIV) can be improved by the use of vaccines with higher antigen content or adjuvants. We conducted a randomized controlled trial in older adults to compare cellular and antibody responses of S-IIV versus enhanced vaccines (eIIV): MF59-adjuvanted (A-eIIV), high-dose (H-eIIV), and recombinant-hemagglutinin (HA) (R-eIIV). All vaccines induced comparable H3-HA-specific IgG and elevated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity at day 30 post vaccination. H3-HA-specific ADCC responses were greatest following H-eIIV. Only A-eIIV increased H3-HA-IgG avidity, HA-stalk IgG and ADCC activity. eIIVs also increased polyfunctional CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses, while cellular immune responses were skewed toward single-cytokine-producing T cells among S-IIV subjects. Our study provides further immunological evidence for the preferential use of eIIVs in older adults as each vaccine platform had an advantage over the standard-dose vaccine in terms of NK cell activation, HA-stalk antibodies, and T cell responses.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.