Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33591958›Full record

ArticleJCI insight2021

Macrophage-derived PDGF-B induces muscularization in murine and human pulmonary hypertension.

Aglaia Ntokou, Jui M Dave, Amy C Kauffman, Maor Sauler, Changwan Ryu, John Hwa, Erica L Herzog, Inderjit Singh, W Mark Saltzman, Daniel M Greif

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in JCI insight, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
44citing papers in PubMed
7.3field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

44 citing papers in PubMed, 65 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Roles of the Altitude-Adapted Immune Microenvironment in Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling in High-Altitude Pulmonary Hypertension: A Review.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026
    Review
  6. Pericytes and Lung Vascular Remodeling.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2026
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Roles of PDGF/PDGFR signaling in various organs.The Korean journal of physiology & pharmacology : official journal of the Korean Physiological Society and the Korean Society of Pharmacology · 2025
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Biomarkers in COPD-Associated PH/CCP: Circulating Molecules and Cell-Intrinsic Marker.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2025
    Review
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Aglaia NtokouYale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine.
Jui M DaveYale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine.
Amy C KauffmanDepartment of Biomedical Engineering.
Maor SaulerSection of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and.
Changwan RyuSection of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and.
John HwaYale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine.
Erica L HerzogSection of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and.
Inderjit SinghSection of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, and.
W Mark SaltzmanDepartment of Biomedical Engineering.
Daniel M GreifYale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine.
Cardiovascular Research Center · BRSleepMed · USYale University · US

Funding

Yale Clinical and Translational Science Award (U Component)UL1TR001863 · NCATS · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI John H. Krystal, LUCILA OHNO-MACHADO · 2016 to 2026
$102.9M
Yale Liver CenterP30DK034989 · NIDDK · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI YASUKO IWAKIRI · 1986 to 2026
$31.1M
Novel vascular smooth muscle cell progenitors in development and diseaseR35HL150766 · NHLBI · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI Daniel Greif · 2020 to 2026
$7.0M
Molecular and Cellular Transport in MucusR01EB000487 · NIBIB · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI IWASAKI, AKIKO, SALTZMAN, W. MARK · 2002 to 2019
$5.0M
Macrophage driven, profibrotic adrenergic nerve remodeling in SSc-ILDR01HL152677 · NHLBI · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI HERZOG, ERICA L · 2020 to 2023
$2.4M
Smooth muscle progenitors in vascular remodelingR01HL133016 · NHLBI · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI GREIF, DANIEL · 2016 to 2019
$1.7M
Pathological arterial muscularization and the role of integrinsR01HL125815 · NHLBI · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI GREIF, DANIEL · 2015 to 2018
$1.7M
Yale Interdisciplinary Bioengineering Training Grant for Diabetes ResearchT32DK101019 · NIDDK · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI SALTZMAN, W. MARK · 2013 to 2017
$1.5M
Vascular disease pathogenesis: the interface of smooth muscle and immune cellsR01HL142674 · NHLBI · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI GREIF, DANIEL · 2018 to 2019
$1.1M
Mitochondrial DNA and TLR9 in Pulmonary FibrosisK08HL151970 · NHLBI · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI RYU, CHANGWAN · 2020 to 2024
$840k
Mural cell TGF-beta-mediated signaling and neonatal intracerebral hemorrhageR21NS088854 · NINDS · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI GREIF, DANIEL · 2014 to 2015
$458k
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001863NHLBI NIH HHS K08 HL151970NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL125815NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL133016NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL142674NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL152677NHLBI NIH HHS R35 HL150766NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB000487NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK034989NIDDK NIH HHS T32 DK101019NINDS NIH HHS R21 NS088854
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Excess macrophages and smooth muscle cells (SMCs) characterize many cardiovascular diseases, but crosstalk between these cell types is poorly defined. Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a lethal disease in which lung arteriole SMCs proliferate and migrate, coating the normally unmuscularized distal arteriole. We hypothesized that increased macrophage platelet-derived growth factor-B (PDGF-B) induces pathological SMC burden in PH. Our results indicate that clodronate attenuates hypoxia-induced macrophage accumulation, distal muscularization, PH, and right ventricle hypertrophy (RVH). With hypoxia exposure, macrophage Pdgfb mRNA was upregulated in mice, and LysM‑Cre mice carrying floxed alleles for hypoxia-inducible factor 1a, hypoxia-inducible factor 2a, or Pdgfb had reduced macrophage Pdgfb and were protected against distal muscularization and PH. Conversely, LysM‑Cre von-Hippel Lindaufl/fl mice had increased macrophage Hifa and Pdgfb and developed distal muscularization, PH, and RVH in normoxia. Similarly, Pdgfb was upregulated in macrophages from human idiopathic or systemic sclerosis-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension patients, and macrophage-conditioned medium from these patients increased SMC proliferation and migration via PDGF-B. Finally, in mice, orotracheal administration of nanoparticles loaded with Pdgfb siRNA specifically reduced lung macrophage Pdgfb and prevented hypoxia-induced distal muscularization, PH, and RVH. Thus, macrophage-derived PDGF-B is critical for pathological SMC expansion in PH, and nanoparticle-mediated inhibition of lung macrophage PDGF-B has profound implications as an interventional strategy for PH.

Indexed as

AnimalsHumansHypertension, PulmonaryMacrophagesMiceMuscle, SmoothProto-Oncogene Proteins c-sisProto-Oncogene Proteins c-sisCardiovascular diseaseHypoxiaMacrophagesPulmonologyVascular Biology

Identifiers

PMID33591958
PMCPMC8026182
OpenAlexW3133289732

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.