ArticleACS biomaterials science & engineering2021
Influence of Microgel Fabrication Technique on Granular Hydrogel Properties.
Article in ACS biomaterials science & engineering, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 93 papers.
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Who cites it
93 citing papers in PubMed.
- Photoresponsive Granular Hydrogels Enable Spatiotemporal Control of Matrix Mechanics and MSC Behavior.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Avidity-controlled biotherapeutic delivery systems for the treatment of ischemia-reperfusion acute kidney injury.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Cell-Type-Tailored Hydrogels for Adoptive Cell Therapy in Cancer.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Integrating microchannels and flows into 3D printable granular hydrogel matrices.Lab on a chip · 2026Article
- Microgel-Based 3D Bioprinting: A Convergent Strategy Integrating Material Design, Jamming Dynamics, and Biological Function.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- Packed Hydrogel Microfibers as Scaffolds Supporting Dynamic Cellular Behavior and Biomaterial Inks in 3D Printing.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Injectable porous nanocomposite microgel assemblies engineered via a triple-dynamic crosslinking strategy for vascularized bone regeneration.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Ribbon-shaped microgels as bioinks for 3D bioprinting of anisotropic tissue structures.Bioactive materials · 2026Article
- Fabrication and Characterization of Kafirin Microparticles Made Using Ionic Gelation Vibrational Jet Flow Technology: Influence of Processing Parameters on Physicochemical Properties.Journal of food science · 2026Article
- Injectable Bi-layered Cryogel Scaffolds for Targeted Adhesion to Tissues.ACS macro letters · 2026Article
- Enzyme-induced mineralization of calcium carbonate in 3D printable granular hydrogels.Advanced composites and hybrid materials · 2026Article
- Granular Hydrogels as Modular Biomaterials: From Structural Design to Biological Responses.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- Smart Polymer-Derived Injectable Hydrogels: Current Status and Future Perspectives.ACS polymers Au · 2025Review
- Generalizing Gelatin Methacryloyl Granular Hydrogel Fabrication Using Stable Microgels with Predictable Stiffness.Advanced healthcare materials · 2025Article
- Microgel Aspect Ratio Influences Injectable Granular Hydrogel Scaffold Pore Structure and Cellular Invasion for Tissue Repair.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Micro/nano-robotic medical device: preparation, actuation mechanisms and their applications in medicine.RSC advances · 2025Review
- Practical Guide to the Design of Granular Hydrogels for Customizing Complex Cellular Microenvironments.Advanced healthcare materials · 2025Review
- Granular Hydrogels as Brittle Yield Stress Fluids.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025Article
- Patterning of anisotropic physical cues in granular PEG hydrogel composites using magnetic templating.Industrial & engineering chemistry research · 2025Article
- High-Throughput Mechanical Characterization of Single Microgel Particles by Fluidic Force Microscopy.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025Article
33 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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5 authors.
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Abstract
Bulk hydrogels traditionally used for tissue engineering and drug delivery have numerous limitations, such as restricted injectability and a nanoscale porosity that reduces cell invasion and mass transport. An evolving approach to address these limitations is the fabrication of hydrogel microparticles (i.e., "microgels") that can be assembled into granular hydrogels. There are numerous methods to fabricate microgels; however, the influence of the fabrication technique on granular hydrogel properties is unexplored. Herein, we investigated the influence of three microgel fabrication techniques (microfluidic devices (MD), batch emulsions (BE), and mechanical fragmentation by extrusion (EF)) on the resulting granular hydrogel properties (e.g., mechanics, porosity, and injectability). Hyaluronic acid (HA) modified with various reactive groups (i.e., norbornenes (NorHA), pentenoates (HA-PA), and methacrylates (MeHA)) were used to form microgels with an average diameter of ∼100 μm. The MD method resulted in homogeneous spherical microgels, the BE method resulted in heterogeneous spherical microgels, and the EF method resulted in heterogeneous polygonal microgels. Across the various reactive groups, microgels fabricated with the MD and BE methods had lower functional group consumption when compared to microgels fabricated with the EF method. When microgels were jammed into granular hydrogels, the storage modulus (
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