ArticleIntensive care medicine2021
Haloperidol, clonidine and resolution of delirium in critically ill patients: a prospective cohort study.
Article in Intensive care medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clonidine for Management of Agitation in Delirious Patients.Current psychiatry reports · 2025Review
- Postoperative sepsis-associated neurocognitive disorder: mechanisms, predictive strategies, and treatment approaches.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- Reinforcement learning model for optimizing dexmedetomidine dosing to prevent delirium in critically ill patients.NPJ digital medicine · 2024Article
- Perioperative opioid-minimization approach as a useful protocol in the management of patients with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome-hypermobility type, craniocervical instability and severe chronic pain who are to undergo occipito-cervical fixation.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2023Review
- Modern Sedation and Analgesia Strategies in Neurocritical Care.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2023Review
- Prognostic significance of delirium subtypes in critically ill medical and surgical patients: a secondary analysis of a prospective multicenter study.Journal of intensive care · 2022Article
- Pharmacokinetics of Haloperidol in Critically Ill Patients: Is There an Association with Inflammation?Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- [Focus on neurological intensive care medicine. Intensive care studies from 2020/2021].Der Anaesthesist · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeHaloperidol and clonidine are commonly used to treat agitation in delirious intensive care unit (ICU) patients, but it is unclear whether these agents may shorten the duration of delirium. The objective of this study was to determine whether haloperidol, clonidine, or their combined administration to delirious ICU patients results in delirium resolution.
methodsThis was a cohort study on a mixed ICU, excluding patients with a primary neurological disorder. The main outcome was the probability of delirium resolution, using propensity score matching and Markov multinomial logistic regression models for daily transitions. Secondary outcomes were delirium duration, number of delirium days, ventilation days, length of stay in the ICU and hospital, and ICU mortality.
resultsA total of 3614 patients were included (1165 delirious [32%]; 2449 non-delirious [68%]). Delirium occurred on 4708 (18.9%) of 24,906 days. The probability of delirium resolution was lower in delirious patients who received haloperidol (OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.39-0.57), clonidine (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.63-0.97), or both (OR 0.45, 95% CI 0.36-0.56) compared to untreated delirious patients. Delirious patients who received haloperidol, clonidine, or both had generally longer delirium duration, more delirium and ventilation days, and spent more time in the ICU and in hospital than untreated delirious patients. These agents had no effect on ICU mortality.
conclusionHaloperidol and clonidine use in delirious ICU patients may be associated with reduced probability of delirium resolution. This finding, however, merits further investigation given inherent limitations of this observational analysis.
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