ReviewThe FEBS journal2021
Hallmarks of the aging T-cell system.
Review in The FEBS journal, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 107 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
107 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 170 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review and quantitative meta-analysis of age-dependent human T-lymphocyte homeostasis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Do BKPyV genomic features underlie clinical divergence between kidney and hematopoietic transplant recipients?Virulence · 2026Article
- Aging-associated SATB1 deficiency remodels 3D genome architecture and transcriptional programs in naive CD4Science advances · 2026Article
- Fast, flexible analysis of differences in cellular composition with crumblr.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Risk Factors for Secondary Immunodeficiency in the Aged.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2026Review
- Impact of Proton versus Photon (Chemo)radiation on Circulating Immune Cells in Head and Neck Cancer.Cancer research communications · 2026Article
- AFF3 maintains metabolic quiescence in naive CD8 T cells and prevents premature immune aging.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Article
- The language of the immune system: Part 1: Cytokine conversations and conversationalists.ImmunoHorizons · 2026Review
- Post-vaccination expansion of extrafollicular Th10 and regulatory Tfr cells distinguishes strong from weak influenza vaccine responses in older adults.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Immunological decoding of adult T cell leukemia - its cell of origin and oncogenesis.Biomarker research · 2026Review
- Antigen-specific adaptive immunity in Parkinson's disease: peripheral priming, brain-border reactivation and parenchymal injury.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- High Versus Low Radiographic Burden Odontogenic Sinusitis: Culture, Histopathology, and Patient-Reported Outcomes.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2026Article
- Genetic Determinants of T-Cell Homeostasis in Critical Illness: An Exploratory Analysis of Immune Gene Variants and TREC Dynamics.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Article
- Immune Aging Within the Tumor Microenvironment Predicts Survival in Lung Adenocarcinoma.Cancers · 2026Article
- Review
- Real-world single-center experience with pixantrone in DLBCL prior to its withdrawal: clinical outcomes and exploratory immunologic observations.Annals of hematology · 2026Article
- Antigen-specific TScience advances · 2026Article
- Multiscale physiologically-based model of age-dependent CD4+ T-lymphocyte homeostasis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Immunosenescence in Older Patients with Psoriasis: Mechanistic Insights and Opportunities for Biologic Therapy.Psoriasis (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
47 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The adaptive immune system has the enormous challenge to protect the host through the generation and differentiation of pathogen-specific short-lived effector T cells while in parallel developing long-lived memory cells to control future encounters with the same pathogen. A complex regulatory network is needed to preserve a population of naïve cells over lifetime that exhibit sufficient diversity of antigen receptors to respond to new antigens, while also sustaining immune memory. In parallel, cells need to maintain their proliferative potential and the plasticity to differentiate into different functional lineages. Initial signs of waning immune competence emerge after 50 years of age, with increasing clinical relevance in the 7th-10th decade of life. Morbidity and mortality from infections increase, as drastically exemplified by the current COVID-19 pandemic. Many vaccines, such as for the influenza virus, are poorly effective to generate protective immunity in older individuals. Age-associated changes occur at the level of the T-cell population as well as the functionality of its cellular constituents. The system highly relies on the self-renewal of naïve and memory T cells, which is robust but eventually fails. Genetic and epigenetic modifications contribute to functional differences in responsiveness and differentiation potential. To some extent, these changes arise from defective maintenance; to some, they represent successful, but not universally beneficial adaptations to the aging host. Interventions that can compensate for the age-related defects and improve immune responses in older adults are increasingly within reach.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.