ArticleRheumatology (Oxford, England)2021
Type 2 diabetes mellitus, glycaemic control, associated therapies and risk of rheumatoid arthritis: a retrospective cohort study.
Article in Rheumatology (Oxford, England), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Burden of rheumatic diseases among people with diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Narra J · 2024Pooled it
- Graph in Graph (GiG): A novel graph AI framework for integrating and interpreting medical and omics data.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists, Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors, and Risk of Autoimmune Rheumatic Diseases.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Metformin use and the risk of incident immune-mediated diseases in patients with type 2 diabetes: a population-based cohort study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Arthritis and increased risk of cardiovascular disease: is there an interaction with other chronic diseases? A nationwide cohort study.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Article
- Association between vertebral fractures and comorbidities in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a cross-sectional study.Journal of bone and mineral metabolism · 2025Article
- Causal association of metformin treatment with diverse immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: A Mendelian randomization analysis.Medicine · 2025Article
- Therapeutic potential of peptidomimetics of suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins in rheumatic disorders.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Metformin Treatment Reduces the Incidence of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomized Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Novel insight into the aetiology of rheumatoid arthritis gained by a cross-tissue transcriptome-wide association study.RMD open · 2022Article
- Incident Rheumatoid Arthritis Following Statin Use: From the View of a National Cohort Study in Korea.Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Article
- Sulfonylureas or biguanides is associated with a lower risk of rheumatoid arthritis in patients with diabetes: A nationwide cohort study.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo compare the incident risk of RA in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to explore the role of glycaemic control and associated therapeutic use in the onset of RA.
methodsThis study was a retrospective cohort study using patients derived from the IQVIA Medical Research Data (IMRD-UK) database between 1995 and 2019. A total of 224 551 newly diagnosed patients with T2DM were matched to 449 101 patients without T2DM and followed up to assess their risk of RA. Further analyses investigated the effect of glycaemic control, statin use and anti-diabetic drugs on the relationship between T2DM and RA using a time-dependent Cox regression model.
resultsDuring the study period, the incidence of RA was 8.1 and 10.6 per 10 000 person-years in the exposed and unexposed groups, respectively. The adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) was 0.73 (95% CI 0.67, 0.79). In patients who had not used statins in their lifetime, the aHR was 0.89 (95% CI 0.69, 1.14). When quantifying the effects of glycaemic control, anti-diabetic drugs and statins using time-varying analyses, there was no association with glycaemic control [aHR 1.00 (95% CI 0.99, 1.00)], use of metformin [aHR 1.00 (95% CI 0.82, 1.22)], dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors [DPP4is; aHR 0.94 (95% CI 0.71, 1.24)] and the development of RA. However, statins demonstrated a protective effect for progression of RA in those with T2DM [aHR 0.76 (95% CI 0.66, 0.88)], with evidence of a duration-response relationship.
conclusionThere is a reduced risk of RA in patients with T2DM that may be attributable to the use of statins.
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