SynthesisJournal of endocrinological investigation2021
Cancer prevalence in the subcategories of the indeterminate class III (AUS/FLUS) of the Bethesda system for thyroid cytology: a meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Journal of endocrinological investigation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Thyroid Nodules with Indeterminate FNAC According to the Italian Classification System: Prevalence, Rate of Operation, and Impact on Risk of Malignancy. An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Endocrine pathology · 2022Pooled it
- Diagnostic Accuracy of Fine-Needle Biopsy in the Detection of Thyroid Malignancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA surgery · 2022Pooled it
- AUS in Thyroid Cytology: A 21-Year Institutional Experience and the Impact of Atypia Subclassification.Diagnostic cytopathology · 2026Article
- Risk of malignancy and necessity of completion thyroidectomy in patients with indeterminate thyroid nodules (Bethesda III and IV), more than expected in endemic region.Updates in surgery · 2026Article
- Assessment of an innovative synthetic matrix for enhanced cell preservation: evaluating its clinical utility and impact on diagnostic precision in thyroid fine-needle aspiration cytology.BMC endocrine disorders · 2026Article
- Performance of Two-Tiered Subclassification of Atypia of Undetermined Significance in Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration Without Routine Molecular Testing.Diagnostic cytopathology · 2026Article
- Significance of Oncocytic Cells in Thyroid Fine Needle Aspiration Specimens Classified as Atypia of Undetermined Significance.Turk patoloji dergisi · 2026Article
- Serum Thyroid Biomarkers for Diagnosing Malignant Thyroid Nodules: A Machine Learning Approach with External and Causal Validation.Journal of Cancer · 2026Article
- Knowledge Gaps in Patients Undergoing Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration BiopsyEndocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2026Article
- A Mixed Model of Clinical Characteristics, Strain Elastography and ACR-TIRADS Predicts Malignancy in Small Thyroid Nodules: A Prospective Single-Center Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Molecular Mutations and Clinical Behavior in Bethesda III and IV Thyroid Nodules: A Comparative Study.Cancers · 2024Article
- A Machine Learning-Based Model for Preoperative Assessment and Malignancy Prediction in Patients with Atypia of Undetermined Significance Thyroid Nodules.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- An economically efficient strategy for diagnosing atypia of undetermined significance or follicular lesion of undetermined significance thyroid nodules with ultrasound-based risk stratification systems andQuantitative imaging in medicine and surgery · 2024Article
- Evolving approaches in paediatric thyroid cytopathology: A review.Cytopathology : official journal of the British Society for Clinical Cytology · 2024Review
- Indeterminate Thyroid Nodules: From Cytology to Molecular Testing.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Article
- Atypia and Follicular Lesions of Undetermined Significance in Subsequent Biopsy Result: What Clinicians Need to Know.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThe indeterminate cytologic report represents a major challenge in the field of thyroid nodule. The indeterminate class III of the Bethesda classification system (i.e., AUS/FLUS) includes a heterogeneous group of subcategories characterized by doubtful nuclear and/or architectural atypia. The study aim was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the rate of malignancy in each subcategory of Bethesda III.
methodsPubMed, CENTRAL, and Scopus databases were searched until April 2020. Original articles reporting data on the subcategories of Bethesda III were included. The histological diagnosis was the reference standard to classify true/false negative and true/false positive cases.
resultsThe pooled cancer prevalence in each subcategory of Bethesda III was estimated using a random-effects model. Twenty-three papers with 4241 nodules were included. Overall, 1163 (27.4%) were malignant. The cancer rate observed in the subcategories ranged from 15%, in "Hürthle cell aspirates with low risk pattern", to 44%, in "Focal cytologic atypia".
conclusionsThe overall cancer rate found in the Bethesda III ranged more largely than that originally estimated (10-30%) and varied among any scenarios. These evidence-based data represent a reference for the clinical management of these patients.
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