ArticleCommunications biology2021
Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 mutations in the United States suggests presence of four substrains and novel variants.
Article in Communications biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 111 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
111 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Time Series Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Genomes and Correlations among Highly Prevalent Mutations.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Pooled it
- A Review of Topological Data Analysis and Topological Deep Learning in Molecular Sciences.Journal of chemical information and modeling · 2025Review
- Is SARS-CoV-2 facing constraints in its adaptive evolution?Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2025Review
- Evolution of Antiviral Drug Resistance in SARS-CoV-2.Viruses · 2025Review
- Article
- Preventing future zoonosis: SARS-CoV-2 mutations enhance human-animal cross-transmission.Computers in biology and medicine · 2024Article
- Comparative Atlas of SARS-CoV-2 Substitution Mutations: A Focus on Iranian Strains Amidst Global Trends.Viruses · 2024Article
- Review
- Progressive Evolutionary Dynamics of Gene-Specific ω Led to the Emergence of Novel SARS-CoV-2 Strains Having Super-Infectivity and Virulence with Vaccine Neutralization.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- SARS-CoV-2 outbreak: role of viral proteins and genomic diversity in virus infection and COVID-19 progression.Virology journal · 2024Review
- SARS-CoV-2 BA.2.86 enters lung cells and evades neutralizing antibodies with high efficiency.Cell · 2024Article
- COV2Var, a function annotation database of SARS-CoV-2 genetic variation.Nucleic acids research · 2024Article
- Virus-specific Dicer-substrate siRNA swarms inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection in TMPRSS2-expressing Vero E6 cells.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Trends and impacts of SARS-CoV-2 genome sharing: a comparative analysis of China and the global community, 2020-2023.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Enhanced detection and molecular modeling of adaptive mutations in SARS-CoV-2 coding and non-coding regions using the c/µ test.Virus evolution · 2024Article
- SARS-CoV-2-ORF3a variant Q57H reduces its pro-apoptotic activity in host cells.F1000Research · 2024Article
- Motifs in SARS-CoV-2 evolution.RNA (New York, N.Y.) · 2023Article
- Mutations in SARS-CoV-2 variant nsp6 enhance type-I interferon antagonism.Emerging microbes & infections · 2023Article
- Airborne SARS-CoV-2 is more frequently detected in environments related to children and elderly but likely non-infectious, Norway, 2022.Virology journal · 2023Article
- Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Δ426 ORF8 Deletion Mutant Cluster in NGS Screening.Microorganisms · 2023Article
51 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
- Update of
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 has been mutating since it was first sequenced in early January 2020. Here, we analyze 45,494 complete SARS-CoV-2 geneome sequences in the world to understand their mutations. Among them, 12,754 sequences are from the United States. Our analysis suggests the presence of four substrains and eleven top mutations in the United States. These eleven top mutations belong to 3 disconnected groups. The first and second groups consisting of 5 and 8 concurrent mutations are prevailing, while the other group with three concurrent mutations gradually fades out. Moreover, we reveal that female immune systems are more active than those of males in responding to SARS-CoV-2 infections. One of the top mutations, 27964C > T-(S24L) on ORF8, has an unusually strong gender dependence. Based on the analysis of all mutations on the spike protein, we uncover that two of four SASR-CoV-2 substrains in the United States become potentially more infectious.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.