Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33588693›Full record

ArticleEpigenetics

Saliva cell type DNA methylation reference panel for epidemiological studies in children.

Lauren Y M Middleton, John Dou, Jonah Fisher, Jonathan A Heiss, Vy K Nguyen, Allan C Just, Jessica Faul, Erin B Ware, Colter Mitchell, Justin A Colacino and 1 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Epigenetics. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
67citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.7field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

67 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 79 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. System-Specific Epigenetic Aging Signatures in Autistic Adults.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Investigating PeripheralBiomolecules · 2026
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Reply to Zhang: Causal identification, social networks, and biological aging.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Negative social ties as emerging risk factors for accelerated aging, inflammation, and multimorbidity.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Lauren Y M MiddletonDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9422-2912
John DouDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Jonah FisherSurvey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8733-9175
Jonathan A HeissDepartment of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1448-2509
Vy K NguyenDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6128-0523
Allan C JustDepartment of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4312-5957
Jessica FaulSurvey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Erin B WareSurvey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4731-8158
Colter MitchellSurvey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Justin A ColacinoDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5882-4569
Kelly M BakulskiDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9605-6337
University of Michigan · USIcahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai · US

Funding

Understanding Breastfeeding Practices Among ECHO Cohort Participants Before and During/After the COVID-19 PandemicUH3OD023285 · OD · MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY · PI Charles James Barone, MICHAEL R. ELLIOTT · 2018 to 2026
$24.5M
Strategic Vision & Impact on Environmental HealthP30ES017885 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Dana Dolinoy · 2011 to 2026
$21.3M
Prenatal Exposures and Child Health Outcomes: A Statewide StudyUG3OD023285 · OD · MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY · PI BARONE, CHARLES JAMES, ELLIOTT, MICHAEL R. · 2016 to 2024
$12.9M
Environmental Epigenomics and Precision Environmental HealthR35ES031686 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Dana Dolinoy · 2020 to 2026
$6.1M
Diversity SupplementR01ES028802 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Justin Adam Colacino · 2018 to 2026
$4.8M
Epigenetic Mediation of Adverse Social Context on Stress Response, Socioemotional Development, and Health in a Population-based Study of Minority and Low SES Children and AdolescentsR01MD011716 · NIMHD · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI MITCHELL, COLTER M.S. · 2017 to 2022
$4.6M
DNA Methylation, Genetics, and Modifiable Risk Factors of Dementia in a Nationally Representative, Multi-Ethnic Cohort - Diversity SupplementR01AG067592 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI BAKULSKI, KELLY, WARE, ERIN BAKSHIS · 2020 to 2025
$3.8M
Racial inequalities in health throughout adulthood: The cumulative impact of neighborhood chemical and non-chemical stressors on epigenomic pathwaysR01MD013299 · NIMHD · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI HICKEN, MARGARET TAKAKO · 2018 to 2022
$3.7M
Perinatal Exposures, Tissue- and Cell-specific Epigenomics, & Lifecourse OutcomesU01ES026697 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI DOLINOY, DANA · 2016 to 2019
$3.6M
Prenatal exposure to metals and risk for Autism Spectrum Disorder in MARBLES and EARLIR01ES025531 · NIEHS · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI VOLK, HEATHER E · 2016 to 2020
$3.2M
Folic Acid Prevention Pathways for ASD in High Risk FamiliesR01ES025574 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS · PI SCHMIDT, REBECCA JEAN · 2015 to 2019
$3.1M
Biological Underpinnings of Socioeconomic Differentials in Health and MortalityR01AG060110 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI CRIMMINS, EILEEN M · 2018 to 2022
$2.6M
NIA NIH HHS R01 AG060110NIA NIH HHS R01 AG067592NIEHS NIH HHS P30 ES017885NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES025531NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES025574NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES028802NIEHS NIH HHS R35 ES031686NIEHS NIH HHS U01 ES026697NIH HHS UG3 OD023285NIH HHS UH3 OD023285NIMHD NIH HHS R01 MD011716NIMHD NIH HHS R01 MD013299
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Saliva is a widely used biological sample, especially in pediatric research, containing a heterogenous mixture of immune and epithelial cells. Associations of exposure or disease with saliva DNA methylation can be influenced by cell-type proportions. Here, we developed a saliva cell-type DNA methylation reference panel to estimate interindividual cell-type heterogeneity in whole saliva studies. Saliva was collected from 22 children (7-16 years) and sorted into immune and epithelial cells, using size exclusion filtration and magnetic bead sorting. DNA methylation was measured using the Illumina MethylationEPIC BeadChip. We assessed cell-type differences in DNA methylation profiles and tested for enriched biological pathways. Immune and epithelial cells differed at 181,577 (22.8%) DNA methylation sites (t-test p < 6.28 × 10

Indexed as

DNA MethylationSalivaChildCpG IslandsEpidemiologic StudiesEpigenesis, GeneticEpigenomicsHumanscell type referencecellular heterogeneityDNA methylationepigeneticssaliva

Identifiers

PMID33588693
PMCPMC8865319
OpenAlexW3129454472

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.