Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33587080›Full record

ArticleNanoscale horizons2021

Tumor-targeted gene therapy with lipid nanoparticles inhibits tumor-associated adipocytes and remodels the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in triple-negative breast cancer.

Yun Liu, Karthik Tiruthani, Menglin Wang, Xuefei Zhou, Nasha Qiu, Yang Xiong, Chad V Pecot, Rihe Liu, Leaf Huang

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nanoscale horizons, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
46citing papers in PubMed
4.6field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

46 citing papers in PubMed, 70 citations in OpenAlex.

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  10. Autophagy-Mediated Suppression of Tumor Growth by Food-Grade Lipid Nanoparticles in Mice.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025
    Article
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  15. Shifting cold to hot tumors by nanoparticle-loaded drugs and products.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Yun LiuDivision of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics and Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. leafh@email.unc.edu.
Karthik Tiruthani
Menglin Wang
Xuefei Zhou
Nasha Qiu
Yang Xiong
Chad V Pecot
Rihe Liu
Leaf Huang
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill · US

Funding

Small Animal Imaging CoreU54CA198999 · NCI · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI LI, ZIBO · 2015 to 2019
$11.9M
NCI NIH HHS U54 CA198999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Adipocytes are the primary cellular components within the tumor microenvironment (TME) of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Increasing evidence suggests that tumor-associated adipocytes (TAAs) can aggravate tumor progression, exacerbate the immunosuppressive TME and compromise therapeutic efficacy. In this study, the biological effect of TAAs within the breast cancer TME is first investigated, and the C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 2 (CCL2) which is mainly secreted by TAAs in the extracellular environment is identified as the key mediator. CCL2 recruits immune cells such as monocytes and macrophages that further differentiated into immunosuppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and M2 macrophages. To manipulate CCL2-mediated immune response, a protein trap that binds with CCL2 with high affinity and specificity is designed. The plasmid DNA encoding the CCL2 trap (pCCL2) is specifically delivered to the TME by using targeted lipid-protamine-DNA (LPD) nanoparticles to locally express the CCL2 trap and ameliorate the immunosuppressive TME. Significantly, compared with the commercially available CCL2 antibody, this strategy shows enhanced therapeutic efficacy and appreciable tumor growth inhibition. Furthermore, the pCCL2 trap treatment successfully suppresses TAAs, increases T cell infiltration and decreases the population of immunosuppressive M2 macrophages and MDSCs. Further studies show that the pCCL2 trap could facilitate PD-L1 blockade immunotherapy, demonstrating its translation potential.

Indexed as

AdipocytesAnimalsCell Line, TumorChemokine CCL2DNADrug CarriersFemaleGenetic TherapyImmunotherapyLipidsMiceMice, Inbred BALB CNanoparticlesPlasmidsSingle-Domain AntibodiesTriple Negative Breast NeoplasmsCcl2 protein, mouseChemokine CCL2DNADrug CarriersLipidsSingle-Domain Antibodies

Identifiers

PMID33587080
PMCPMC8638658
OpenAlexW3130164176

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.