Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33585929›Full record

ArticleThe Gerontologist2021

Typologies of Dementia Caregiver Support Networks: A Pilot Study.

Esther M Friedman, David P Kennedy

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Gerontologist, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07305415 (Integrative Therapeutic Programme to Regulate Expressed Emotions Among Informal Caregivers of People With Dementia), which is not on this map. Cited by 23 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07305415 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Integrative Therapeutic Programme to Regulate Expressed Emotions Among Informal Caregivers of People With Dementia: a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorThe University of Hong KongRan2025 to 2027Enrolled56ConditionsBPSD (Behavioral and Psycological Symptoms of Dementia), Expressed Emotion, Depressive Symptom, Caregiving StressArmsCaregivers Of dementia Processing Emotions (COPE)
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Observational
  2. Article
  3. Prevalence and Social Support Networks of Underrepresented Caregivers: Sandwich, Millennial, Non-kin, and Male Caregivers.Journal of applied gerontology : the official journal of the Southern Gerontological Society · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Kinship and Care: Racial Disparities in Potential Dementia Caregiving in the United States From 2000 to 2060.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2024
    Article
  11. Increased Care Provision and Caregiver Wellbeing: Moderation by Changes in Social Network Care Provision.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2024
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Typologies of duocentric networks among low-income newlywed couples.Network science (Cambridge University Press) · 2023
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Conceptualizing and Operationalizing Collaboration Among Multiple Caregivers of Older Adults.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2023
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Esther M FriedmanRAND Corporation, Santa Monica, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6813-6471
David P KennedyRAND Corporation, Santa Monica, California, USA.

Funding

RAND CENTER FOR THE STUDY OF AGINGP30AG012815 · NIA · RAND CORPORATION · PI HURD, MICHAEL D · 1999 to 2020
$13.7M
Health, Wellbeing, and the Social Networks of Family Caregivers of People with Alzheimer's DiseaseR01AG066194 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI FRIEDMAN, ESTHER M. · 2019 to 2024
$3.3M
NIA NIH HHS P30 AG012815NIA NIH HHS R01 AG066194
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectivesThere are nearly 18 million family caregivers in the United States assisting an older adult in need of help. Identifying the caregivers in greatest need of support requires an understanding of the current social support networks available to family caregivers and whether specific groups of caregivers are at risk of having an insufficient support network. RESEARCH DESIGN AND

methodsWe collected personal network data from a nationally representative sample of 66 family caregivers to persons with dementia (PWDs) in the United States aged 18 and older, including information on network members' support to the caregiver and help to the care recipient.

resultsWe found four common caregiving network types: large networks with many helpers; large networks primarily supporting caregivers; small, dense networks supporting both caregivers and care recipient; and small networks providing little help to either caregiver or care recipient. Gender, income, and geographic proximity of caregiver to the care recipient were significantly associated with caregiver network type. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS: This study suggests that there are different types of care and support networks available to caregivers to PWDs, and that the size and structure of networks vary considerably among demographic groups. As the population ages, a better understanding of the supports available to caregivers will be crucial for ensuring that caregivers are adequately supported, and caregiving needs of families are met.

Indexed as

CaregiversDementiaAgedHumansPilot ProjectsSocial NetworkingSocial SupportUnited StatesCaregivingCluster analysisSocial networksSocial support

Identifiers

PMID33585929
PMCPMC8599268

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.