ReviewFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2020
The CRISPR-Cas Mechanism for Adaptive Immunity and Alternate Bacterial Functions Fuels Diverse Biotechnologies.
Review in Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed.
- Bacterial immune systems.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · 2026Review
- Helicity of the bridge helix of Cas12a regulates on-target DNA cleavage efficiency and off-target cleavage propensity.Biochemical and biophysical research communications · 2026Article
- Expanding the Microbial Genomic Landscape and Biotechnological Applications of CRISPR-Cas Systems.Biology · 2026Review
- Decoding the genome of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis VCRC B668 to understand its mosquitocidal potential for biopesticide development.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2026Article
- CRISPR-anti-CRISPR dynamics: evolutionary, ecological and biotechnological perspectives.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Strain matters: host responses reflect symbiont origin in the squid-vibrio symbiosis.mSystems · 2025Article
- Development of Resistance to Damping-Off in Rice,International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- And… cut! - how conformational regulation of CRISPR-Cas effectors directs nuclease activity.The Biochemical journal · 2025Review
- Current insights into insect immune memory.eLife · 2025Review
- Structural integrity and side-chain interaction at the loop region of the bridge helix modulate Cas9 substrate discrimination.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- From resistance to remedy: the role of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats system in combating antimicrobial resistance-a review.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Review
- A Comprehensive Overview of Antibacterial Agents for Combating Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria: The Current Landscape, Development, Future Opportunities, and Challenges.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Role of CRISPR-Cas systems in periodontal disease pathogenesis and potential for periodontal therapy: A review.Molecular oral microbiology · 2025Review
- Exploring CRISPR-Cas9 HNH-Domain-Catalyzed DNA Cleavage Using Accelerated Quantum Mechanical Molecular Mechanical Free Energy Simulation.Biochemistry · 2025Article
- Therapeutic Targeting in Ovarian Cancer: Nano-Enhanced CRISPR/Cas9 Gene Editing and Drug Combination Therapy.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- A snapshot on molecular technologies for diagnosing FAdV infections.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Review
- Exosomes for CRISPR-Cas9 Delivery: The Cutting Edge in Genome Editing.Molecular biotechnology · 2024Review
- CRISPR/Cas9 technology in the modeling of and treatment of mucopolysaccharidosis.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2024Review
- Comparative genomic analysis identifies potential adaptive variation inMicrobial genomics · 2024Article
- Nanopores Reveal the Stoichiometry of Single Oligoadenylates Produced by Type III CRISPR-Cas.ACS nano · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bacterial and archaeal CRISPR-Cas systems offer adaptive immune protection against foreign mobile genetic elements (MGEs). This function is regulated by sequence specific binding of CRISPR RNA (crRNA) to target DNA/RNA, with an additional requirement of a flanking DNA motif called the protospacer adjacent motif (PAM) in certain CRISPR systems. In this review, we discuss how the same fundamental mechanism of RNA-DNA and/or RNA-RNA complementarity is utilized by bacteria to regulate two distinct functions: to ward off intruding genetic materials and to modulate diverse physiological functions. The best documented examples of alternate functions are bacterial virulence, biofilm formation, adherence, programmed cell death, and quorum sensing. While extensive complementarity between the crRNA and the targeted DNA and/or RNA seems to constitute an efficient phage protection system, partial complementarity seems to be the key for several of the characterized alternate functions. Cas proteins are also involved in sequence-specific and non-specific RNA cleavage and control of transcriptional regulator expression, the mechanisms of which are still elusive. Over the past decade, the mechanisms of RNA-guided targeting and auxiliary functions of several Cas proteins have been transformed into powerful gene editing and biotechnological tools. We provide a synopsis of CRISPR technologies in this review. Even with the abundant mechanistic insights and biotechnology tools that are currently available, the discovery of new and diverse CRISPR types holds promise for future technological innovations, which will pave the way for precision genome medicine.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.