ArticlePhilosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences2021
Opportunities and challenges for machine learning in weather and climate modelling: hard, medium and soft AI.
Article in Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Predicting regional gray swans via translocation: AI weather models and Dubai's unprecedented 2024 rainfall.Science advances · 2026Article
- Improving ocean reanalyses of observationally sparse regions with transfer learning.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- A new machine learning method for rainfall classification: temporal random tree.PeerJ. Computer science · 2025Article
- Artificial intelligence predicts normal summer monsoon rainfall for India in 2023.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Toward a physics-guided machine learning approach for predicting chaotic systems dynamics.Frontiers in big data · 2024Article
- Use case for predictive physiological models: tactical insights about frozen Russian soldiers in Ukraine.International journal of circumpolar health · 2023Article
- Adaptive bias correction for improved subseasonal forecasting.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Article
- A faster way to model neuronal circuitry.eLife · 2022Article
- Densely Connected Neural Networks for Nonlinear Regression.Entropy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Sensitivity of Air Pollution Exposure and Disease Burden to Emission Changes in China Using Machine Learning Emulation.GeoHealth · 2022Article
- Machine Learning Emulation of Gravity Wave Drag in Numerical Weather Forecasting.Journal of advances in modeling earth systems · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In September 2019, a workshop was held to highlight the growing area of applying machine learning techniques to improve weather and climate prediction. In this introductory piece, we outline the motivations, opportunities and challenges ahead in this exciting avenue of research. This article is part of the theme issue 'Machine learning for weather and climate modelling'.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.