ArticleResearch on child and adolescent psychopathology2022
When is Parental Suppression of Black Children's Negative Emotions Adaptive? The Role of Preparation for Racial Bias and Children's Resting Cardiac Vagal Tone.
Article in Research on child and adolescent psychopathology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Emotion regulation and mental health across cultures: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Nature human behaviour · 2025Pooled it
- Parent Emotion Socialization and Positive Emotions in Child and Adolescent Clinical Samples: A Systematic Review and Call to Action.Clinical child and family psychology review · 2022Pooled it
- Toddlers' Emotion Socialization in Context: Associations with Mexican Heritage Cultural Values.Journal of latinx psychology · 2025Article
- Developmental trajectories of adolescent internalizing symptoms and parental responses to distress.Development and psychopathology · 2025Article
- Assessing Whether Negative Parenting Cognitions Bias Parent Report of Preschoolers' Externalizing Symptoms: A Regularized Moderated Non-Linear Factor Analysis Approach.Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2025Article
- Perceived parental relationship quality and adolescent conscious bias: important links between affect, agency, gender, and race/ethnicity.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Profiles of Risk, Allostatic Load, and Mental Health in Low-Income Children.Clinical psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · 2024Article
- "Our Generation Is Trying to Break Some of That Resistance to Emotions"-A Mixed-Methods Pilot Examination of Tuning in to Kids for Black Parents of Preschoolers in the United States.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Longitudinal associations between maternal harsh parenting and child temperament: The moderating role of children's respiratory sinus arrhythmia.Journal of family psychology : JFP : journal of the Division of Family Psychology of the American Psychological Association (Division 43) · 2024Article
- Temperament and emotional overeating: the mediating role of caregiver response to children's negative emotions.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Intimate partner violence and preschool self-regulation: Examining the role of maternal emotion socialization in Black families.Social development (Oxford, England) · 2023Article
- Vagal Flexibility Moderates the Links between Observed Sensitive Caregiving in Infancy and Externalizing Behavior Problems in Middle Childhood.Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2023Article
- Association between Electronic Media Use and Internalizing Problems: The Mediating Effect of Parent-Child Conflict and Moderating Effect of Children's Age.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- White and Black parents' emotion coaching beliefs: Differential associations with preschooler's behavioral problem tendencies.Journal of family psychology : JFP : journal of the Division of Family Psychology of the American Psychological Association (Division 43) · 2023Article
- Pathways to emotion regulation in young Black children: An attachment perspective.Advances in child development and behavior · 2023Article
- Parents' emotion socialization behaviors in response to preschool-aged children's justified and unjustified negative emotions.PloS one · 2023Article
- Examining Links Between Infant Parasympathetic Regulation during the Still-Face Paradigm and Later Callous-Unemotional Traits.Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2022Article
- Conceptualizing Emotion Regulation and Coregulation as Family-Level Phenomena.Clinical child and family psychology review · 2022Review
- Spotlighting Black Adolescent Development in the Shadow of Racism: A Commentary.Journal of research on adolescence : the official journal of the Society for Research on Adolescence · 2022Article
- Transdiagnostic Implications of Parental Socialization of Child and Adolescent Emotional Development: Commentary and Future Directions.Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Research demonstrates that Black parents attempt to suppress children's expressions of negative emotions (e.g., anger, fear), in part, to protect them from experiencing racial bias from authority figures. The goal of this study was to examine whether the effectiveness of parental suppression strategies in reducing behavior problems depends on whether parents talk to children about the potential of experiencing racism (i.e., preparation for bias) and children's resting cardiac vagal tone as indexed by baseline respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA). Ninety-four parents (97% mothers) who identified their child as Black (56% girls) completed questionnaires about their punitive and minimizing responses to their child's negative emotions and their child's internalizing and externalizing problems at ages 5 and 6. Children's baseline RSA was assessed at age 5. Results indicated that parents' suppression of children's negative emotions predicted decreased externalizing behaviors (e.g., acting out) only when parents talked to their children about racism. When parents did not contextualize their restrictions on children's emotional expressions with discussions about race, children with higher baseline RSA demonstrated increased externalizing behaviors, whereas those with lower baseline RSA were unaffected. Parental suppression strategies led to increased internalizing symptoms (e.g., anxiety, withdrawal) among children with higher baseline RSA regardless of whether parents discussed racism. Black parents face a conundrum in which suppressing their children's negative emotions, in hopes of subverting racism, may reduce their children's externalizing problems under some circumstances, but may increase the risk of their children developing internalizing problems. Implications for systemic policy change to combat racism are discussed.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.