ArticleAddictive behaviors2021
Digital marketing of smokeless tobacco: A longitudinal analysis of exposure and initiation among young adults.
Article in Addictive behaviors, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Willingness to Use Commercial Nicotine Gums, Lozenges, and Gummies Among Nontobacco Using Adolescents in Southern California.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2023Trial
- Impact of Hispanic Ethnicity on Adolescent Tobacco Use Estimates in the United States.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Article
- A comprehensive review: role of smokeless tobacco consumption as a risk factor for diabetes mellitus.Acta diabetologica · 2025Review
- A nonlinear decomposition analysis of the rural-urban disparities in tobacco use among women in sub-Saharan Africa.PloS one · 2025Article
- Temporal and Thematic Analysis of Promotional Waterpipe-Related Posts on Twitter/X in the US.Substance use & misuse · 2025Article
- Prevalence of Nicotine and Tobacco Product Use by Sexual Identity, Gender Identity, and Sex Assigned at Birth Among Emerging Adult Tobacco Users in California, United States.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2023Article
- The Impact of Social Media Use and Gaming on Initiation of Smokeless Tobacco Use Among Rural Male Youth.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2023Article
- Advertising in the Digital Area: Playing Online Games Pose a Risk to Come Upon Improper Advertisements.Turkish archives of pediatrics · 2022Article
- U.S. public opinion toward policy restrictions to limit tobacco product placement and advertising at point-of-sale and on social media.Preventive medicine · 2022Article
- Article
- Association of Dental Status and Smokeless Tobacco (SLT) Using Behavior Among Bangladeshi Dental Patients: A Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) Analysis.Substance use : research and treatmentArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThis study examines the relationships between recall of exposure to digital marketing of smokeless tobacco, via the internet and social media, and subsequent initiation of smokeless tobacco use at one-year follow-up, among young adult never users of smokeless tobacco in Texas.
methodsData were from waves 6 (Spring 2017) and 7 (Spring 2018) of the Marketing and Promotions Across Colleges in Texas Study (Project M-PACT); a longitudinal study of two- and four-year Texas college students. Participants were 2731 young adult never smokeless tobacco users (ages 20-32) with complete data at both assessment periods. A multi-level, multiple logistic regression model was applied, accounting for school clustering, to examine the relationship between recall of exposure to digital marketing of smokeless tobacco at baseline (wave 6) and smokeless tobacco use initiation at one-year follow-up (wave 7). Analyses controlled for important baseline covariates (socio-demographic factors, other marketing exposure, other tobacco product use).
resultsOverall, 14.6% of never smokeless tobacco users reported exposure to smokeless tobacco marketing via digital media. Exposure to digital marketing of smokeless tobacco at baseline was associated with greater odds of smokeless tobacco use initiation among young adult never users (AOR: 2.14; 95%CI: 1.12 - 4.06) at one-year follow-up.
conclusionsFindings reveal exposure to smokeless tobacco marketing via digital media was common. Further, there appears to be a strong relationship between this exposure and subsequent smokeless tobacco use among young adult never smokeless tobacco users.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.