ReviewBiomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie2021
Induced dysregulation of ACE2 by SARS-CoV-2 plays a key role in COVID-19 severity.
Review in Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Association of COVID-19 infection and the risk of new incident diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Pooled it
- Clinical assessment of endothelial function in convalescent COVID-19 patients: a meta-analysis with meta-regressions.Annals of medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Telmisartan reduces systemic inflammation and alters the renin-angiotensin system in mild COVID-19.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Viral Pathogens and Pulmonary Fibrosis: EMT-Driven Mechanisms and Insights From Traditional Chinese Medicine.Reviews in medical virology · 2026Review
- Integrated multi‑omics analysis of liver metabolic dysregulation in ACE2 knockout mice.International journal of molecular medicine · 2025Article
- ACE2-Decoy-Conjugated PLGA-PEG Nanoparticles Loaded with Nafamostat for Potent Antiviral Activity.Viruses · 2025Article
- ACE2, a therapeutic target of COVID-19, needs to be treated with caution.Archives of virology · 2025Review
- Article
- Preeclamptic Placental CD19+ B Cells Are Causal to Hypertension During Pregnancy.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2025Article
- Development of radiofluorinated MLN-4760 derivatives for PET imaging of the SARS-CoV-2 entry receptor ACE2.European journal of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging · 2024Article
- Insights into SARS-CoV-2: Small-Molecule Hybrids for COVID-19 Treatment.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Effect of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Selected Parameters of the Apelinergic System in Repeat Blood Donors.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Unveiling the Interplay-Vitamin D and ACE-2 Molecular Interactions in Mitigating Complications and Deaths from SARS-CoV-2.Biology · 2024Review
- Innate immune response in COVID-19: single-cell multi-omics profile of NK lymphocytes in a clinical case series.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Article
- Viral Infection and Ischemic Stroke: Emerging Trends and Mechanistic Insights.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Review
- Implications of Dysnatremia and Endocrine Disturbances in COVID-19 Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Sulforaphane's Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (Nrf2)-Dependent and -Independent Mechanism of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Activity.Journal of respiratory biology and translational medicine · 2024Article
- The Impact of Pentraxin 3 Serum Levels and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Polymorphism on Pulmonary Infiltrates and Mortality in COVID-19 Patients.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Aprotinin (I): Understanding the Role of Host Proteases in COVID-19 and the Importance of Pharmacologically Regulating Their Function.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the cause of COVID-19, is reported to increase the rate of mortality worldwide. COVID-19 is associated with acute respiratory symptoms as well as blood coagulation in the vessels (thrombosis), heart attack and stroke. Given the requirement of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor for SARS-CoV-2 entry into host cells, here we discuss how the downregulation of ACE2 in the COVID-19 patients and virus-induced shift in ACE2 catalytic equilibrium, change the concentrations of substrates such as angiotensin II, apelin-13, dynorphin-13, and products such as angiotensin (1-7), angiotensin (1-9), apelin-12, dynorphin-12 in the human body. Substrates accumulation ultimately induces inflammation, angiogenesis, thrombosis, neuronal and tissue damage while diminished products lead to the loss of the anti-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic and anti-angiogenic responses. In this review, we focus on the viral-induced imbalance between ACE2 substrates and products which exacerbates the severity of COVID-19. Considering the roadmap, we propose multiple therapeutic strategies aiming to rebalance the products of ACE2 and to ameliorate the symptoms of the disease.
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