ArticleTranslational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine2021
Immunogenicity and crossreactivity of antibodies to the nucleocapsid protein of SARS-CoV-2: utility and limitations in seroprevalence and immunity studies.
Article in Translational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 75 papers.
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Who cites it
75 citing papers in PubMed.
- Could β-glucans enhance the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccine by inducing trained immunity and boosting neutralizing antibody production?Frontiers in immunology · 2026Trial
- Patient and donor antibody profiles in early COVID-19 convalescent plasma therapy in the COnV-ert trial.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Trial
- Determinants of early antibody responses to COVID-19 mRNA vaccines in a cohort of exposed and naïve healthcare workers.EBioMedicine · 2022Trial
- SARS-CoV-2 variants with reduced infectivity and varied sensitivity to the BNT162b2 vaccine are developed during the course of infection.PLoS pathogens · 2022Trial
- Development of an ELISA Test with High Diagnostic Accuracy for SARS-COV-2 Using Recombinant Nucleocapsid Protein Expressed in E. coli.Molecular biotechnology · 2026Article
- Expanding SARS-CoV-2 antigen targets beyond spike using a baculovirus expression system.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Determinants of long-term SARS-CoV-2 immune responses in asymptomatic-to-moderate COVID-19 patients in sub-Saharan Africa.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- Primary SARS-CoV-2 exposure by vaccination or infection shapes immune responses to omicron variants among a Spanish cohort.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Pre-existing and early cellular immune factors correlate with functionally complete protection against primary controlled human SARS-CoV-2 infection.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Vaccination on Pregnancy Outcome and Passive Neonatal Immunity.Cells · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2-derived RNA replicons as safe and effective vaccines.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- A Comprehensive Oncological Biomarker Framework Guiding Precision Medicine.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Machine learning approaches to dissect hybrid and vaccine-induced immunity.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Longitudinal analysis of passively and actively acquired SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in infants with repeat newborn screening samples.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Determinants of antibody levels and protection against omicron BQ.1/XBB breakthrough infection.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Strategy for the Construction of SARS-CoV-2 S and N Recombinant Proteins and Their Immunogenicity Evaluation.Biotech (Basel (Switzerland)) · 2025Article
- Article
- Comprehensive analysis of human coronavirus antibody responses in ICU and non-ICU COVID-19 patients reveals IgG3 against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein as a key biomarker of disease severity.Journal of medical microbiology · 2025Article
- Article
- Risk, determinants, and persistence of long-COVID in a population-based cohort study in Catalonia.BMC medicine · 2025Article
15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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19 authors.
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Abstract
COVID-19 patients elicit strong responses to the nucleocapsid (N) protein of SARS-CoV-2 but binding antibodies are also detected in prepandemic individuals, indicating potential crossreactivity with common cold human coronaviruses (HCoV) and questioning its utility in seroprevalence studies. We investigated the immunogenicity of the full-length and shorter fragments of the SARS-CoV-2 N protein, and the crossreactivity of antibodies with HCoV. We identified a C-terminus region in SARS-CoV2 N of minimal sequence homology with HCoV that was more specific for SARS-CoV-2 and highly immunogenic. IgGs to the full-length SARS-CoV-2 N also recognized N229E N, and IgGs to HKU1 N recognized SARS-CoV-2 N. Crossreactivity with SARS-CoV-2 was stronger for alpha- rather than beta-HCoV despite having less sequence identity, revealing the importance of conformational recognition. Higher preexisting IgG to OC43 N correlated with lower IgG to SARS-CoV-2 N in rRT-PCR negative individuals, reflecting less exposure and indicating a potential protective association. Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 N were higher in patients with more severe and longer duration of symptoms and in females. IgGs remained stable for at least 3 months, while IgAs and IgMs declined faster. In conclusion, N protein is a primary target of SARS-CoV-2-specific and HCoV crossreactive antibodies, both of which may affect the acquisition of immunity to COVID-19.
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