ArticleJournal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry2021
A Developmental Pathway From Early Behavioral Inhibition to Young Adults' Anxiety During the COVID-19 Pandemic.
Article in Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05582512 (Clinical Characteristics and Long Term Impact on Pediatric COVID-19 in Taiwan), which is not on this map. Cited by 18 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Clinical Characteristics and Long Term Impact on Pediatric COVID-19 in Taiwan
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Temperament as a Risk Factor for Clinical Diagnosis During the Transition From Childhood Through Adolescence and Young Adulthood: A 16-Year Multimethod Longitudinal Study.Clinical psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · 2026Article
- The roles of parental verbal communication and child characteristics in the transmission and maintenance of social fears.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2025Article
- Adolescent cognitive control processing is associated with anxiety in young adulthood during the COVID-19 pandemic.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2025Article
- Pathways of Worry During the Transition to Adolescence: An Exploration of Students' Emotion Regulation, Metacognitive Beliefs and Coping.Journal of Intelligence · 2025Article
- Sex Differences in the Association Between Difficulties with Worry Regulation and Anxiety Symptoms in Black Children.Journal of child and family studies · 2025Article
- Advancing differential susceptibility research: Development and validation of the temperamental sensitivity Q-scale.Developmental psychology · 2024Article
- Interactions among stress, behavioral inhibition, and delta-beta coupling predict adolescent anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic.Developmental psychobiology · 2024Article
- A Developmental Pathway from Early Inhibitory Control to Social Connectedness.Research on child and adolescent psychopathology · 2023Article
- Which Anxious Adolescents Were Most Affected by the COVID-19 Pandemic?Clinical psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · 2022Article
- SARS-CoV-2 and the central nervous system: Emerging insights into hemorrhage-associated neurological consequences and therapeutic considerations.Ageing research reviews · 2022Review
- Maternal depressive symptoms and early childhood temperament before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom.Infant and child development · 2022Article
- Tools to Address Children's Mental Health.Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing) · 2022Article
- Pathways from maternal shyness to adolescent social anxiety.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2022Article
- Testing a Developmental Model of Positive Parenting, Amygdala-Subgenual Anterior Cingulate Cortex Connectivity, and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2021Article
- Mental health-related visits in a pediatric emergency department during the COVID-19 pandemic.International journal of emergency medicine · 2021Article
- What we have learnt about trauma, loss and grief for children in response to COVID-19.Paediatric respiratory reviews · 2021Review
- Editors' Note and Special Communication: Research Priorities in Child and Adolescent Mental Health Emerging From the COVID-19 Pandemic.Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · 2021Article
- When the World Pivots: Changes in Infant Negative Affect Trajectories Following the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic.Infancy : the official journal of the International Society on Infant StudiesArticle
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThe COVID-19 pandemic has brought unprecedented changes to young adults' lives, resulting in mental health difficulties for many; however, some individuals are particularly prone to heightened anxiety. Little is known about the early life predictors of anxiety during the pandemic. We examined a developmental pathway from behavioral inhibition (BI), a temperament characterized by fearful responses toward novelty, to changes in young adults' anxiety during the initial period of the pandemic. We hypothesized that a stable pattern of BI across early childhood would predict greater adolescent worry dysregulation, which in turn would predict increases in young adult anxiety during a stressful phase of the pandemic.
methodParticipants (N = 291; 54% female) were followed from toddlerhood to young adulthood. BI was observed at ages 2 and 3 years. Social wariness was observed at age 7 years. Participants rated their worry dysregulation in adolescence (age 15) and anxiety in young adulthood (age 18) at 2 assessments during the COVID-19 pandemic, 1 month apart.
resultsA significant moderated mediation, in which a stable pattern of BI from toddlerhood to childhood, as compared to the absence of this pattern, predicted greater worry dysregulation in adolescence. Worry dysregulation predicted elevated young adult anxiety in the second assessment during COVID-19, even after accounting for the first assessment.
conclusionThis study identifies a developmental pathway from toddlerhood BI to young adults' elevated anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings have implications for early identification of individuals at risk for dysregulated worry and the prevention of anxiety during stressful life events in young adulthood.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.