ReviewFEMS microbiology reviews2021
Clostridioides difficile phage biology and application.
Review in FEMS microbiology reviews, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global research trends in bacteriophage and gut microbiota: a bibliometric and visual analysis from 2012 to 2025.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- The Bile Acid-Diet-Microbiome Axis inNutrients · 2026Review
- Review
- The Human Virome in Infectious Diseases: Insights from Chronic and Acute Infections Across Body Sites-A Narrative Review.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- S-layer architecture and glycosylation and their role in shaping virus-host specificity in prokaryotes.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Structural determinants of SlpA-mediated phage recognition in Clostridioides difficile.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Advanced Strategies in Phage Research: Innovations, Applications, and Challenges.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- The phi027 bacteriophage influences physiology and virulence of the lysogenic strain of Clostridioides difficile.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Non-antibiotic therapies for multidrug-resistant gastrointestinal infections: an overview of the use of probiotics, natural compounds, and bacteriophages.Frontiers in antibiotics · 2025Review
- The effects of stress on gut virome: Implications on infectious disease and systemic disorders.MicrobiologyOpen · 2024Review
- PhosphoLipidome Alteration Induced byCells · 2024Article
- Review
- Insight into the Mechanism of Lysogeny Control of phiCDKH01 Bacteriophage Infecting Clinical Isolate ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Novel insights into phage biology of the pathogenFrontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Bacteriophages: a double-edged sword in the gastrointestinal tract.Frontiers in microbiomes · 2024Review
- Genomic and phenotypic characterization of aFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Prophage Carriage and Genetic Diversity within Environmental Isolates ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- The Next Generation Fecal Microbiota Transplantation: To Transplant Bacteria or Virome.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023Review
- Review of the Impact of Biofilm Formation on RecurrentMicroorganisms · 2023Review
- Foodborne Clostridioides Species: Pathogenicity, Virulence and Biocontrol Options.Microorganisms · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Clostridium difficile, now reclassified as Clostridioides difficile, is the causative agent of C. difficile infections (CDI). CDI is particularly challenging in healthcare settings because highly resistant spores of the bacterium can persist in the environment, making it difficult to curb outbreaks. Dysbiosis of the microbiota caused by the use of antibiotics is the primary factor that allows C. difficile to colonize the gut and cause diarrhea and colitis. For this reason, antibiotics targeting C. difficile can be ineffective at preventing recurrent episodes because they exacerbate and prolong dysbiosis. The emergence of antibiotic resistance in C. difficile also presents a significant threat. The diverse array of bacteriophages (phages) that infect C. difficile could offer new treatment strategies and greater insight into the biology of the pathogen. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding C. difficile phages and discuss what is understood about their lifestyles and genomics. Then, we examine how phage infection modifies bacterial gene expression and pathogenicity. Finally, we discuss the potential clinical applications of C. difficile phages such as whole phage therapy and phage-derived products, and we highlight the most promising strategies for further development.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.